diff --git a/NEWS.md b/NEWS.md
index 12244326..4b9f40e1 100644
--- a/NEWS.md
+++ b/NEWS.md
@@ -1,5 +1,39 @@
 # NEWS for Lrama
 
+## Lrama 0.6.3 (2024-02-xx)
+
+### Bring Your Own Stack
+
+Provide functionalities for Bring Your Own Stack.
+
+Ruby’s Ripper library requires their own semantic value stack to manage Ruby Objects returned by user defined callback method. Currently Ripper uses semantic value stack (`yyvsa`) which is used by parser to manage Node. This hack introduces some limitation on Ripper. For example, Ripper can not execute semantic analysis depending on Node structure.
+
+Lrama introduces two features to support another semantic value stack by parser generator users.
+
+1. Callback entry points
+
+User can emulate semantic value stack by these callbacks.
+Lrama provides these five callbacks. Registered functions are called when each event happen. For example %after-shift function is called when shift happens on original semantic value stack.
+
+* `%after-shift` function_name
+* `%before-reduce` function_name
+* `%after-reduce` function_name
+* `%after-shift-error-token` function_name
+* `%after-pop-stack` function_name
+
+2. `$:n` variable to access index of each grammar symbols
+
+User also needs to access semantic value of their stack in grammar action. `$:n` provides the way to access to it. `$:n` is translated to the minus index from the top of the stack.
+For example
+
+```
+primary: k_if expr_value then compstmt if_tail k_end
+          {
+          /*% ripper: if!($:2, $:4, $:5) %*/
+          /* $:2 = -5, $:4 = -3, $:5 = -2. */
+          }
+```
+
 ## Lrama 0.6.2 (2024-01-27)
 
 ### %no-stdlib directive
diff --git a/lib/lrama/grammar.rb b/lib/lrama/grammar.rb
index 008cdfb1..7ccde1aa 100644
--- a/lib/lrama/grammar.rb
+++ b/lib/lrama/grammar.rb
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ class Grammar
     attr_accessor :union, :expect,
                   :printers, :error_tokens,
                   :lex_param, :parse_param, :initial_action,
+                  :after_shift, :before_reduce, :after_reduce, :after_shift_error_token, :after_pop_stack,
                   :symbols_resolver, :types,
                   :rules, :rule_builders,
                   :sym_to_rules, :no_stdlib
diff --git a/lib/lrama/grammar/code/initial_action_code.rb b/lib/lrama/grammar/code/initial_action_code.rb
index 2b064f27..a694f193 100644
--- a/lib/lrama/grammar/code/initial_action_code.rb
+++ b/lib/lrama/grammar/code/initial_action_code.rb
@@ -6,18 +6,24 @@ class InitialActionCode < Code
 
         # * ($$) yylval
         # * (@$) yylloc
+        # * ($:$) error
         # * ($1) error
         # * (@1) error
+        # * ($:1) error
         def reference_to_c(ref)
           case
           when ref.type == :dollar && ref.name == "$" # $$
             "yylval"
           when ref.type == :at && ref.name == "$" # @$
             "yylloc"
+          when ref.type == :index && ref.name == "$" # $:$
+            raise "$:#{ref.value} can not be used in initial_action."
           when ref.type == :dollar # $n
             raise "$#{ref.value} can not be used in initial_action."
           when ref.type == :at # @n
             raise "@#{ref.value} can not be used in initial_action."
+          when ref.type == :index # $:n
+            raise "$:#{ref.value} can not be used in initial_action."
           else
             raise "Unexpected. #{self}, #{ref}"
           end
diff --git a/lib/lrama/grammar/code/no_reference_code.rb b/lib/lrama/grammar/code/no_reference_code.rb
index ac6cdb8f..6e614cc6 100644
--- a/lib/lrama/grammar/code/no_reference_code.rb
+++ b/lib/lrama/grammar/code/no_reference_code.rb
@@ -6,14 +6,18 @@ class NoReferenceCode < Code
 
         # * ($$) error
         # * (@$) error
+        # * ($:$) error
         # * ($1) error
         # * (@1) error
+        # * ($:1) error
         def reference_to_c(ref)
           case
           when ref.type == :dollar # $$, $n
             raise "$#{ref.value} can not be used in #{type}."
           when ref.type == :at # @$, @n
             raise "@#{ref.value} can not be used in #{type}."
+          when ref.type == :index # $:$, $:n
+            raise "$:#{ref.value} can not be used in #{type}."
           else
             raise "Unexpected. #{self}, #{ref}"
           end
diff --git a/lib/lrama/grammar/code/printer_code.rb b/lib/lrama/grammar/code/printer_code.rb
index 2b1f127f..ffccd893 100644
--- a/lib/lrama/grammar/code/printer_code.rb
+++ b/lib/lrama/grammar/code/printer_code.rb
@@ -11,8 +11,10 @@ def initialize(type:, token_code:, tag:)
 
         # * ($$) *yyvaluep
         # * (@$) *yylocationp
+        # * ($:$) error
         # * ($1) error
         # * (@1) error
+        # * ($:1) error
         def reference_to_c(ref)
           case
           when ref.type == :dollar && ref.name == "$" # $$
@@ -20,10 +22,14 @@ def reference_to_c(ref)
             "((*yyvaluep).#{member})"
           when ref.type == :at && ref.name == "$" # @$
             "(*yylocationp)"
+          when ref.type == :index && ref.name == "$" # $:$
+            raise "$:#{ref.value} can not be used in #{type}."
           when ref.type == :dollar # $n
             raise "$#{ref.value} can not be used in #{type}."
           when ref.type == :at # @n
             raise "@#{ref.value} can not be used in #{type}."
+          when ref.type == :index # $:n
+            raise "$:#{ref.value} can not be used in #{type}."
           else
             raise "Unexpected. #{self}, #{ref}"
           end
diff --git a/lib/lrama/grammar/code/rule_action.rb b/lib/lrama/grammar/code/rule_action.rb
index 44194db0..d3c0eab6 100644
--- a/lib/lrama/grammar/code/rule_action.rb
+++ b/lib/lrama/grammar/code/rule_action.rb
@@ -11,8 +11,10 @@ def initialize(type:, token_code:, rule:)
 
         # * ($$) yyval
         # * (@$) yyloc
+        # * ($:$) error
         # * ($1) yyvsp[i]
         # * (@1) yylsp[i]
+        # * ($:1) i - 1
         #
         #
         # Consider a rule like
@@ -24,6 +26,8 @@ def initialize(type:, token_code:, rule:)
         # "Rule"                class: keyword_class { $1 } tSTRING { $2 + $3 } keyword_end { $class = $1 + $keyword_end }
         # "Position in grammar"                   $1     $2      $3          $4          $5
         # "Index for yyvsp"                       -4     -3      -2          -1           0
+        # "$:n"                                  $:1    $:2     $:3         $:4         $:5
+        # "index of $:n"                          -5     -4      -3          -2          -1
         #
         #
         # For the first midrule action:
@@ -31,6 +35,7 @@ def initialize(type:, token_code:, rule:)
         # "Rule"                class: keyword_class { $1 } tSTRING { $2 + $3 } keyword_end { $class = $1 + $keyword_end }
         # "Position in grammar"                   $1
         # "Index for yyvsp"                        0
+        # "$:n"                                  $:1
         def reference_to_c(ref)
           case
           when ref.type == :dollar && ref.name == "$" # $$
@@ -39,6 +44,8 @@ def reference_to_c(ref)
             "(yyval.#{tag.member})"
           when ref.type == :at && ref.name == "$" # @$
             "(yyloc)"
+          when ref.type == :index && ref.name == "$" # $:$
+            raise "$:$ is not supported"
           when ref.type == :dollar # $n
             i = -position_in_rhs + ref.index
             tag = ref.ex_tag || rhs[ref.index - 1].tag
@@ -47,6 +54,9 @@ def reference_to_c(ref)
           when ref.type == :at # @n
             i = -position_in_rhs + ref.index
             "(yylsp[#{i}])"
+          when ref.type == :index # $:n
+            i = -position_in_rhs + ref.index
+            "(#{i} - 1)"
           else
             raise "Unexpected. #{self}, #{ref}"
           end
diff --git a/lib/lrama/lexer.rb b/lib/lrama/lexer.rb
index b94fad57..33f37eb6 100644
--- a/lib/lrama/lexer.rb
+++ b/lib/lrama/lexer.rb
@@ -27,6 +27,11 @@ class Lexer
       %precedence
       %prec
       %error-token
+      %before-reduce
+      %after-reduce
+      %after-shift-error-token
+      %after-shift
+      %after-pop-stack
       %empty
       %code
       %rule
diff --git a/lib/lrama/lexer/token/user_code.rb b/lib/lrama/lexer/token/user_code.rb
index 1c0376c8..5836f6ee 100644
--- a/lib/lrama/lexer/token/user_code.rb
+++ b/lib/lrama/lexer/token/user_code.rb
@@ -56,6 +56,17 @@ def scan_reference(scanner)
             return Lrama::Grammar::Reference.new(type: :at, name: scanner[1], first_column: start, last_column: scanner.pos)
           when scanner.scan(/@\[([a-zA-Z_.][-a-zA-Z0-9_.]*)\]/) # @[expr.right], @[expr-right]  (named reference with brackets)
             return Lrama::Grammar::Reference.new(type: :at, name: scanner[1], first_column: start, last_column: scanner.pos)
+
+          # $: references
+          when scanner.scan(/\$:\$/) # $:$
+            return Lrama::Grammar::Reference.new(type: :index, name: "$", first_column: start, last_column: scanner.pos)
+          when scanner.scan(/\$:(\d+)/) # $:1
+            return Lrama::Grammar::Reference.new(type: :index, index: Integer(scanner[1]), first_column: start, last_column: scanner.pos)
+          when scanner.scan(/\$:([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)/) # $:foo, $:expr (named reference without brackets)
+            return Lrama::Grammar::Reference.new(type: :index, name: scanner[1], first_column: start, last_column: scanner.pos)
+          when scanner.scan(/\$:\[([a-zA-Z_.][-a-zA-Z0-9_.]*)\]/) # $:[expr.right], $:[expr-right] (named reference with brackets)
+            return Lrama::Grammar::Reference.new(type: :index, name: scanner[1], first_column: start, last_column: scanner.pos)
+
           end
         end
       end
diff --git a/lib/lrama/output.rb b/lib/lrama/output.rb
index c4c7c0bb..29bf1e69 100644
--- a/lib/lrama/output.rb
+++ b/lib/lrama/output.rb
@@ -161,6 +161,61 @@ def user_initial_action(comment = "")
       STR
     end
 
+    def after_shift_function(comment = "")
+      return "" unless @grammar.after_shift
+
+      <<-STR
+        #{comment}
+#line #{@grammar.after_shift.line} "#{@grammar_file_path}"
+        {#{@grammar.after_shift.s_value}(#{parse_param_name});}
+#line [@oline@] [@ofile@]
+      STR
+    end
+
+    def before_reduce_function(comment = "")
+      return "" unless @grammar.before_reduce
+
+      <<-STR
+        #{comment}
+#line #{@grammar.before_reduce.line} "#{@grammar_file_path}"
+        {#{@grammar.before_reduce.s_value}(yylen#{user_args});}
+#line [@oline@] [@ofile@]
+      STR
+    end
+
+    def after_reduce_function(comment = "")
+      return "" unless @grammar.after_reduce
+
+      <<-STR
+        #{comment}
+#line #{@grammar.after_reduce.line} "#{@grammar_file_path}"
+        {#{@grammar.after_reduce.s_value}(yylen#{user_args});}
+#line [@oline@] [@ofile@]
+      STR
+    end
+
+    def after_shift_error_token_function(comment = "")
+      return "" unless @grammar.after_shift_error_token
+
+      <<-STR
+        #{comment}
+#line #{@grammar.after_shift_error_token.line} "#{@grammar_file_path}"
+        {#{@grammar.after_shift_error_token.s_value}(#{parse_param_name});}
+#line [@oline@] [@ofile@]
+      STR
+    end
+
+    def after_pop_stack_function(len, comment = "")
+      return "" unless @grammar.after_pop_stack
+
+      <<-STR
+        #{comment}
+#line #{@grammar.after_pop_stack.line} "#{@grammar_file_path}"
+        {#{@grammar.after_pop_stack.s_value}(#{len}#{user_args});}
+#line [@oline@] [@ofile@]
+      STR
+    end
+
     def symbol_actions_for_error_token
       str = ""
 
diff --git a/lib/lrama/parser.rb b/lib/lrama/parser.rb
index e5f2384e..148457f1 100644
--- a/lib/lrama/parser.rb
+++ b/lib/lrama/parser.rb
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ def token_to_str(t)
 module Lrama
   class Parser < Racc::Parser
 
-module_eval(<<'...end parser.y/module_eval...', 'parser.y', 501)
+module_eval(<<'...end parser.y/module_eval...', 'parser.y', 521)
 
 include Lrama::Report::Duration
 
@@ -732,303 +732,316 @@ def raise_parse_error(error_message, location)
 ##### State transition tables begin ###
 
 racc_action_table = [
-    86,    45,    87,   146,   145,    68,    45,    45,   146,   189,
-    68,    68,    45,     6,   189,     7,    68,   148,   200,    45,
-   144,    44,   148,   190,    59,   164,   165,   166,   190,     3,
-    45,    41,    44,     8,    68,    64,    35,    42,    45,   149,
-    44,    41,    88,    71,   149,   191,    81,    45,    48,    44,
-   191,    22,    24,    25,    26,    27,    28,    29,    30,    31,
-    32,    22,    24,    25,    26,    27,    28,    29,    30,    31,
-    32,     9,    45,    48,    44,    13,    14,    15,    16,    17,
-    18,    48,    51,    19,    20,    21,    22,    24,    25,    26,
-    27,    28,    29,    30,    31,    32,    33,    45,    45,    44,
-    44,    52,    71,    71,    45,    45,    44,    44,    45,    71,
-    44,    53,    68,   174,    45,    45,    44,    44,    68,   174,
-    45,    45,    44,    44,    68,   174,    45,    45,    44,    44,
-    68,   174,    45,    45,    44,    44,    68,   174,    45,    45,
-    44,    44,    68,   174,    45,    45,    44,    44,    68,    68,
-    45,    45,    44,    44,    68,    68,    45,    45,    44,    44,
-    68,    68,    45,    45,   180,    44,    68,    68,    45,    45,
-   180,    44,    68,    68,    45,    45,   180,    44,    68,   164,
-   165,   166,    84,    45,    45,    44,    44,   142,   193,   143,
-   194,   164,   165,   166,   209,   211,   194,   194,    54,    55,
-    56,    77,    78,    82,    84,    89,    89,    89,    91,    97,
-   101,   102,   105,   105,   105,   105,   108,   111,   112,   114,
-   116,   117,   118,   119,   120,   123,   127,   128,   129,   132,
-   133,   134,   136,   151,   153,   154,   155,   156,   157,   158,
-   159,   132,   161,   169,   170,   179,   184,   185,   187,   192,
-   179,    84,   184,   206,   208,    84,   213,    84 ]
+    96,    50,    97,   156,   155,    78,    50,    50,   156,   199,
+    78,    78,    50,    50,   199,    49,    78,   158,    69,     6,
+     3,     7,   158,   200,   210,   154,     8,    50,   200,    49,
+    40,   174,   175,   176,    47,    50,    46,    49,    53,    78,
+    74,    50,    53,    49,   159,    53,    81,    98,    56,   159,
+   201,   174,   175,   176,    94,   201,    22,    24,    25,    26,
+    27,    28,    29,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,
+    37,    46,    50,    50,    49,    49,    91,    81,    81,    50,
+    50,    49,    49,    50,    81,    49,    57,    78,   184,    58,
+    59,    22,    24,    25,    26,    27,    28,    29,    30,    31,
+    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,     9,    50,    60,    49,
+    13,    14,    15,    16,    17,    18,    61,    62,    19,    20,
+    21,    22,    24,    25,    26,    27,    28,    29,    30,    31,
+    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    50,    50,    49,
+    49,    78,   184,    50,    50,    49,    49,    78,   184,    50,
+    50,    49,    49,    78,   184,    50,    50,    49,    49,    78,
+   184,    50,    50,    49,    49,    78,   184,    50,    50,    49,
+    49,    78,    78,    50,    50,    49,    49,    78,    78,    50,
+    50,    49,    49,    78,    78,    50,    50,   190,    49,    78,
+    78,    50,    50,   190,    49,    78,    78,    50,    50,   190,
+    49,    78,    50,    50,    49,    49,   152,   203,   153,   204,
+   174,   175,   176,   219,   221,   204,   204,    63,    64,    65,
+    66,    87,    88,    92,    94,    99,    99,    99,   101,   107,
+   111,   112,   115,   115,   115,   115,   118,   121,   122,   124,
+   126,   127,   128,   129,   130,   133,   137,   138,   139,   142,
+   143,   144,   146,   161,   163,   164,   165,   166,   167,   168,
+   169,   142,   171,   179,   180,   189,   194,   195,   197,   202,
+   189,    94,   194,   216,   218,    94,   223,    94 ]
 
 racc_action_check = [
-    43,   131,    43,   131,   130,   131,   160,   178,   160,   178,
-   160,   178,   197,     2,   197,     2,   197,   131,   189,    27,
-   130,    27,   160,   178,    27,   189,   189,   189,   197,     1,
-    28,     9,    28,     3,    28,    28,     7,    13,    29,   131,
-    29,    36,    43,    29,   160,   178,    36,    14,    15,    14,
-   197,     9,     9,     9,     9,     9,     9,     9,     9,     9,
-     9,    36,    36,    36,    36,    36,    36,    36,    36,    36,
-    36,     4,    58,    16,    58,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,
-     4,    17,    18,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,
-     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,    30,    31,    30,
-    31,    19,    30,    31,    32,    59,    32,    59,   155,    32,
-   155,    22,   155,   155,   156,    70,   156,    70,   156,   156,
-   157,    71,   157,    71,   157,   157,   171,    97,   171,    97,
-   171,   171,   175,    99,   175,    99,   175,   175,   176,   105,
-   176,   105,   176,   176,    63,    64,    63,    64,    63,    64,
-   102,   104,   102,   104,   102,   104,   124,   149,   124,   149,
-   124,   149,   161,   191,   161,   191,   161,   191,   192,   194,
-   192,   194,   192,   194,   200,   107,   200,   107,   200,   147,
-   147,   147,   147,   121,   125,   121,   125,   126,   181,   126,
-   181,   182,   182,   182,   203,   207,   203,   207,    24,    25,
-    26,    33,    34,    39,    40,    47,    49,    50,    51,    57,
-    61,    62,    69,    74,    75,    76,    77,    83,    84,    90,
-    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,   100,   108,   109,   110,   111,
-   112,   113,   115,   135,   137,   138,   139,   140,   141,   142,
-   143,   144,   146,   150,   152,   158,   163,   167,   177,   180,
-   187,   188,   193,   196,   201,   206,   212,   213 ]
+    48,   141,    48,   141,   140,   141,   170,   188,   170,   188,
+   170,   188,   207,    32,   207,    32,   207,   141,    32,     2,
+     1,     2,   170,   188,   199,   140,     3,    14,   207,    14,
+     7,   199,   199,   199,    13,    33,     9,    33,    15,    33,
+    33,    34,    16,    34,   141,    17,    34,    48,    18,   170,
+   188,   157,   157,   157,   157,   207,     9,     9,     9,     9,
+     9,     9,     9,     9,     9,     9,     9,     9,     9,     9,
+     9,    41,    35,    36,    35,    36,    41,    35,    36,    37,
+    68,    37,    68,   165,    37,   165,    19,   165,   165,    22,
+    24,    41,    41,    41,    41,    41,    41,    41,    41,    41,
+    41,    41,    41,    41,    41,    41,     4,    69,    25,    69,
+     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,    26,    27,     4,     4,
+     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,
+     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,     4,   166,    80,   166,
+    80,   166,   166,   167,    81,   167,    81,   167,   167,   181,
+   107,   181,   107,   181,   181,   185,   109,   185,   109,   185,
+   185,   186,   115,   186,   115,   186,   186,    73,    74,    73,
+    74,    73,    74,   112,   114,   112,   114,   112,   114,   134,
+   159,   134,   159,   134,   159,   171,   201,   171,   201,   171,
+   201,   202,   204,   202,   204,   202,   204,   210,   117,   210,
+   117,   210,   131,   135,   131,   135,   136,   191,   136,   191,
+   192,   192,   192,   213,   217,   213,   217,    28,    29,    30,
+    31,    38,    39,    44,    45,    52,    54,    55,    56,    67,
+    71,    72,    79,    84,    85,    86,    87,    93,    94,   100,
+   102,   103,   104,   105,   106,   110,   118,   119,   120,   121,
+   122,   123,   125,   145,   147,   148,   149,   150,   151,   152,
+   153,   154,   156,   160,   162,   168,   173,   177,   187,   190,
+   197,   198,   203,   206,   211,   216,   222,   223 ]
 
 racc_action_pointer = [
-   nil,    29,     3,    33,    62,   nil,   nil,    29,   nil,    27,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,    31,    44,    29,    54,    62,    77,    82,
-   nil,   nil,    92,   nil,   179,   180,   181,    16,    27,    35,
-    94,    95,   101,   196,   200,   nil,    37,   nil,   nil,   180,
-   159,   nil,   nil,    -5,   nil,   nil,   nil,   186,   nil,   187,
-   188,   189,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   201,    69,   102,
-   nil,   204,   203,   141,   142,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   204,
-   112,   118,   nil,   nil,   205,   206,   207,   181,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   180,   213,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   217,   nil,   218,   219,   220,   221,   222,   124,   nil,   130,
-   218,   nil,   147,   nil,   148,   136,   nil,   172,   221,   216,
-   226,   189,   184,   229,   nil,   230,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   180,   nil,   nil,   153,   181,   151,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   -19,    -2,   nil,   nil,   nil,   213,   nil,   214,   215,   216,
-   217,   218,   202,   235,   201,   nil,   207,   137,   nil,   154,
-   223,   nil,   224,   nil,   nil,   105,   111,   117,   205,   nil,
-     3,   159,   nil,   238,   nil,   nil,   nil,   245,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   123,   nil,   nil,   nil,   129,   135,   209,     4,   nil,
-   214,   152,   149,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   210,   206,   -17,
-   nil,   160,   165,   244,   166,   nil,   233,     9,   nil,   nil,
-   171,   252,   nil,   158,   nil,   nil,   210,   159,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   236,   212,   nil ]
+   nil,    20,     9,    26,    97,   nil,   nil,    23,   nil,    32,
+   nil,   nil,   nil,    28,    24,    19,    23,    26,    43,    67,
+   nil,   nil,    70,   nil,    71,    89,    97,   112,   212,   213,
+   214,   215,    10,    32,    38,    69,    70,    76,   216,   220,
+   nil,    67,   nil,   nil,   200,   174,   nil,   nil,    -5,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   206,   nil,   207,   208,   209,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   221,    77,   104,
+   nil,   224,   223,   164,   165,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   224,
+   135,   141,   nil,   nil,   225,   226,   227,   196,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   nil,   195,   233,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   237,   nil,   238,   239,   240,   241,   242,   147,   nil,   153,
+   238,   nil,   170,   nil,   171,   159,   nil,   195,   241,   236,
+   246,   204,   199,   249,   nil,   250,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   199,   nil,   nil,   176,   200,   165,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   -19,    -2,   nil,   nil,   nil,   233,   nil,   234,   235,   236,
+   237,   238,   217,   255,   216,   nil,   222,     4,   nil,   177,
+   243,   nil,   244,   nil,   nil,    80,   134,   140,   220,   nil,
+     3,   182,   nil,   258,   nil,   nil,   nil,   265,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   146,   nil,   nil,   nil,   152,   158,   224,     4,   nil,
+   229,   166,   163,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   225,   221,   -16,
+   nil,   183,   188,   264,   189,   nil,   253,     9,   nil,   nil,
+   194,   272,   nil,   172,   nil,   nil,   225,   173,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   256,   227,   nil ]
 
 racc_action_default = [
-    -2,  -131,    -8,  -131,  -131,    -3,    -4,  -131,   215,  -131,
-    -9,   -10,   -11,  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,
-   -23,   -24,  -131,   -28,  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,
-  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,    -7,  -116,   -89,   -91,  -131,
-  -113,  -115,   -12,  -120,   -87,   -88,  -119,   -14,   -78,   -15,
-   -16,  -131,   -20,   -25,   -29,   -32,   -35,   -38,   -44,  -131,
-   -47,   -64,   -39,   -68,  -131,   -71,   -73,   -74,  -128,   -40,
-   -81,  -131,   -84,   -86,   -41,   -42,   -43,  -131,    -5,    -1,
-   -90,  -117,   -92,  -131,  -131,   -13,  -121,  -122,  -123,   -75,
-  -131,   -17,  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,   -48,   -45,
-   -66,   -65,  -131,   -72,   -69,  -131,   -85,   -82,  -131,  -131,
-  -131,   -97,  -131,  -131,   -79,  -131,   -21,   -26,   -30,   -33,
-   -36,   -46,   -49,   -67,   -70,   -83,  -131,   -51,    -6,  -118,
-   -93,   -94,   -98,  -114,   -76,  -131,   -18,  -131,  -131,  -131,
-  -131,  -131,  -131,  -131,   -97,   -96,   -87,  -113,  -102,  -131,
-  -131,   -80,  -131,   -22,   -27,  -131,  -131,  -131,   -55,   -52,
-   -95,  -131,   -99,  -129,  -106,  -107,  -108,  -131,  -105,   -77,
-   -19,   -31,  -124,  -126,  -127,   -34,   -37,   -50,   -53,   -56,
-   -87,  -131,  -109,  -100,  -130,  -103,  -125,   -55,  -113,   -87,
-   -60,  -131,  -131,  -129,  -131,  -111,  -131,   -54,   -57,   -58,
-  -131,  -131,   -63,  -131,  -101,  -110,  -113,  -131,   -61,  -112,
-  -104,   -59,  -131,  -113,   -62 ]
+    -2,  -136,    -8,  -136,  -136,    -3,    -4,  -136,   225,  -136,
+    -9,   -10,   -11,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,
+   -23,   -24,  -136,   -28,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,
+  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,
+    -7,  -121,   -94,   -96,  -136,  -118,  -120,   -12,  -125,   -92,
+   -93,  -124,   -14,   -83,   -15,   -16,  -136,   -20,   -25,   -29,
+   -32,   -35,   -38,   -39,   -40,   -41,   -42,   -43,   -49,  -136,
+   -52,   -69,   -44,   -73,  -136,   -76,   -78,   -79,  -133,   -45,
+   -86,  -136,   -89,   -91,   -46,   -47,   -48,  -136,    -5,    -1,
+   -95,  -122,   -97,  -136,  -136,   -13,  -126,  -127,  -128,   -80,
+  -136,   -17,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,   -53,   -50,
+   -71,   -70,  -136,   -77,   -74,  -136,   -90,   -87,  -136,  -136,
+  -136,  -102,  -136,  -136,   -84,  -136,   -21,   -26,   -30,   -33,
+   -36,   -51,   -54,   -72,   -75,   -88,  -136,   -56,    -6,  -123,
+   -98,   -99,  -103,  -119,   -81,  -136,   -18,  -136,  -136,  -136,
+  -136,  -136,  -136,  -136,  -102,  -101,   -92,  -118,  -107,  -136,
+  -136,   -85,  -136,   -22,   -27,  -136,  -136,  -136,   -60,   -57,
+  -100,  -136,  -104,  -134,  -111,  -112,  -113,  -136,  -110,   -82,
+   -19,   -31,  -129,  -131,  -132,   -34,   -37,   -55,   -58,   -61,
+   -92,  -136,  -114,  -105,  -135,  -108,  -130,   -60,  -118,   -92,
+   -65,  -136,  -136,  -134,  -136,  -116,  -136,   -59,   -62,   -63,
+  -136,  -136,   -68,  -136,  -106,  -115,  -118,  -136,   -66,  -117,
+  -109,   -64,  -136,  -118,   -67 ]
 
 racc_goto_table = [
-    83,    63,    46,    58,    98,    65,   106,   163,   183,    37,
-   178,     1,     2,   181,   107,    61,     4,    73,    73,    73,
-    73,   131,   186,    47,    49,    50,   186,   186,    69,    74,
-    75,    76,   171,   175,   176,    99,    80,   104,   204,   197,
-   103,    65,   195,   106,   203,    98,    61,    61,   125,   199,
-    36,    79,   207,     5,   160,    34,   109,    10,    73,    73,
-    11,   106,    12,    43,    85,   115,   152,    98,    92,   137,
-    93,   138,    94,   121,   139,   124,    95,   140,    96,    65,
-   141,   103,    57,    62,   100,    61,   122,    61,   126,   177,
-   201,   212,   113,    73,   150,    73,    90,   135,   130,   167,
-   196,   103,   110,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   162,   147,    61,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,    73,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   168,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   147,   182,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   198,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   188,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   210,   nil,   202,   182,
-   nil,   205,   nil,   214,   188,   nil,   nil,   182 ]
+    93,    51,    73,    68,   116,    75,   108,   173,   193,     1,
+   188,   196,     2,   191,   117,   196,   196,   141,     4,    71,
+    41,    83,    83,    83,    83,    42,    79,    84,    85,    86,
+    52,    54,    55,   181,   185,   186,    89,     5,   214,   207,
+   109,   116,   205,   114,   213,   113,    75,   108,   135,   209,
+   170,    39,   217,   119,    10,    71,    71,    90,    11,   116,
+    12,    48,    95,   125,   162,   102,   147,    83,    83,   108,
+   103,   148,   104,   149,   105,   150,   106,   151,   131,    67,
+    72,   134,   110,   132,    75,   136,   113,   187,   211,   222,
+   123,   160,   100,   145,    71,   140,    71,   177,   206,   120,
+   nil,   nil,    83,   nil,    83,   nil,   113,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   172,   157,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    71,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,    83,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   178,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   157,   192,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   nil,   208,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   198,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   220,   nil,   212,   192,   nil,   215,   nil,   224,   198,
+   nil,   nil,   192 ]
 
 racc_goto_check = [
-    41,    46,    34,    32,    33,    40,    53,    42,    59,    54,
-    39,     1,     2,    43,    52,    34,     3,    34,    34,    34,
-    34,    58,    63,    14,    14,    14,    63,    63,    31,    31,
-    31,    31,    20,    20,    20,    32,    54,    46,    59,    39,
-    40,    40,    42,    53,    43,    33,    34,    34,    52,    42,
-     4,     5,    43,     6,    58,     7,     8,     9,    34,    34,
-    10,    53,    11,    12,    13,    15,    16,    33,    17,    18,
-    21,    22,    23,    32,    24,    46,    25,    26,    27,    40,
-    28,    40,    29,    30,    35,    34,    36,    34,    37,    38,
-    44,    45,    48,    34,    49,    34,    50,    51,    57,    60,
-    61,    40,    62,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    41,    40,    34,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,    34,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    40,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    40,    40,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    41,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    40,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    41,   nil,    40,    40,
-   nil,    40,   nil,    41,    40,   nil,   nil,    40 ]
+    41,    34,    46,    32,    53,    40,    33,    42,    59,     1,
+    39,    63,     2,    43,    52,    63,    63,    58,     3,    34,
+     4,    34,    34,    34,    34,    54,    31,    31,    31,    31,
+    14,    14,    14,    20,    20,    20,     5,     6,    59,    39,
+    32,    53,    42,    46,    43,    40,    40,    33,    52,    42,
+    58,     7,    43,     8,     9,    34,    34,    54,    10,    53,
+    11,    12,    13,    15,    16,    17,    18,    34,    34,    33,
+    21,    22,    23,    24,    25,    26,    27,    28,    32,    29,
+    30,    46,    35,    36,    40,    37,    40,    38,    44,    45,
+    48,    49,    50,    51,    34,    57,    34,    60,    61,    62,
+   nil,   nil,    34,   nil,    34,   nil,    40,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,    41,    40,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    34,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,    34,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,    40,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,    40,    40,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   nil,    41,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+    40,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,    41,   nil,    40,    40,   nil,    40,   nil,    41,    40,
+   nil,   nil,    40 ]
 
 racc_goto_pointer = [
-   nil,    11,    12,    14,    41,    15,    51,    49,   -22,    53,
-    56,    58,    49,    21,     8,   -26,   -70,    16,   -47,   nil,
-  -123,    17,   -46,    18,   -44,    21,   -42,    22,   -40,    55,
-    55,    -1,   -24,   -54,   -12,    23,   -14,   -20,   -69,  -148,
-   -23,   -40,  -140,  -148,  -100,  -117,   -27,   nil,     3,   -40,
-    48,   -17,   -57,   -64,     0,   nil,   nil,   -13,   -90,  -155,
-   -49,   -85,    21,  -149 ]
+   nil,     9,    12,    16,    11,    -5,    35,    45,   -35,    50,
+    54,    56,    47,    14,    15,   -38,   -82,     8,   -60,   nil,
+  -132,    12,   -56,    13,   -55,    14,   -54,    15,   -53,    47,
+    47,    -8,   -29,   -62,   -13,    11,   -27,   -33,   -81,  -158,
+   -28,   -45,  -150,  -158,  -112,  -129,   -31,   nil,    -9,   -53,
+    39,   -31,   -67,   -76,    16,   nil,   nil,   -26,  -104,  -165,
+   -61,   -97,     8,  -170 ]
 
 racc_goto_default = [
    nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-    39,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    23,
+    44,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    23,
    nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,    60,    66,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   173,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    67,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,    70,    72,   nil,    38,    40,   nil,   nil,   nil,
-   nil,   nil,   nil,   172 ]
+   nil,   nil,   nil,    70,    76,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   183,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,   nil,    77,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,    80,    82,   nil,    43,    45,   nil,   nil,   nil,
+   nil,   nil,   nil,   182 ]
 
 racc_reduce_table = [
   0, 0, :racc_error,
-  5, 49, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 50, :_reduce_none,
-  2, 50, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 55, :_reduce_4,
-  0, 56, :_reduce_5,
-  5, 54, :_reduce_6,
-  2, 54, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 51, :_reduce_8,
-  2, 51, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 57, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 57, :_reduce_none,
-  2, 57, :_reduce_12,
-  3, 57, :_reduce_none,
-  2, 57, :_reduce_none,
-  2, 57, :_reduce_15,
-  2, 57, :_reduce_16,
-  0, 63, :_reduce_17,
-  0, 64, :_reduce_18,
-  7, 57, :_reduce_19,
-  0, 65, :_reduce_20,
-  0, 66, :_reduce_21,
-  6, 57, :_reduce_22,
-  1, 57, :_reduce_23,
-  1, 57, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 69, :_reduce_25,
-  0, 70, :_reduce_26,
-  6, 58, :_reduce_27,
-  1, 58, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 71, :_reduce_29,
-  0, 72, :_reduce_30,
-  7, 58, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 73, :_reduce_32,
-  0, 74, :_reduce_33,
-  7, 58, :_reduce_34,
-  0, 75, :_reduce_35,
-  0, 76, :_reduce_36,
-  7, 58, :_reduce_37,
-  2, 67, :_reduce_none,
-  2, 67, :_reduce_39,
-  2, 67, :_reduce_40,
-  2, 67, :_reduce_41,
-  2, 67, :_reduce_42,
-  2, 67, :_reduce_43,
-  1, 77, :_reduce_44,
-  2, 77, :_reduce_45,
-  3, 77, :_reduce_46,
-  1, 80, :_reduce_47,
-  2, 80, :_reduce_48,
-  3, 81, :_reduce_49,
-  7, 59, :_reduce_50,
-  1, 85, :_reduce_51,
-  3, 85, :_reduce_52,
-  1, 86, :_reduce_53,
+  5, 54, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 55, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 55, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 60, :_reduce_4,
+  0, 61, :_reduce_5,
+  5, 59, :_reduce_6,
+  2, 59, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 56, :_reduce_8,
+  2, 56, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 62, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 62, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 62, :_reduce_12,
+  3, 62, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 62, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 62, :_reduce_15,
+  2, 62, :_reduce_16,
+  0, 68, :_reduce_17,
+  0, 69, :_reduce_18,
+  7, 62, :_reduce_19,
+  0, 70, :_reduce_20,
+  0, 71, :_reduce_21,
+  6, 62, :_reduce_22,
+  1, 62, :_reduce_23,
+  1, 62, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 74, :_reduce_25,
+  0, 75, :_reduce_26,
+  6, 63, :_reduce_27,
+  1, 63, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 76, :_reduce_29,
+  0, 77, :_reduce_30,
+  7, 63, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 78, :_reduce_32,
+  0, 79, :_reduce_33,
+  7, 63, :_reduce_34,
+  0, 80, :_reduce_35,
+  0, 81, :_reduce_36,
+  7, 63, :_reduce_37,
+  2, 63, :_reduce_38,
+  2, 63, :_reduce_39,
+  2, 63, :_reduce_40,
+  2, 63, :_reduce_41,
+  2, 63, :_reduce_42,
+  2, 72, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 72, :_reduce_44,
+  2, 72, :_reduce_45,
+  2, 72, :_reduce_46,
+  2, 72, :_reduce_47,
+  2, 72, :_reduce_48,
+  1, 82, :_reduce_49,
+  2, 82, :_reduce_50,
+  3, 82, :_reduce_51,
+  1, 85, :_reduce_52,
+  2, 85, :_reduce_53,
   3, 86, :_reduce_54,
-  0, 87, :_reduce_55,
-  1, 87, :_reduce_56,
-  3, 87, :_reduce_57,
-  3, 87, :_reduce_58,
-  5, 87, :_reduce_59,
+  7, 64, :_reduce_55,
+  1, 90, :_reduce_56,
+  3, 90, :_reduce_57,
+  1, 91, :_reduce_58,
+  3, 91, :_reduce_59,
   0, 92, :_reduce_60,
-  0, 93, :_reduce_61,
-  7, 87, :_reduce_62,
-  3, 87, :_reduce_63,
-  0, 83, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 83, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 84, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 84, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 78, :_reduce_68,
-  2, 78, :_reduce_69,
-  3, 78, :_reduce_70,
-  1, 94, :_reduce_71,
-  2, 94, :_reduce_72,
-  1, 88, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 92, :_reduce_61,
+  3, 92, :_reduce_62,
+  3, 92, :_reduce_63,
+  5, 92, :_reduce_64,
+  0, 97, :_reduce_65,
+  0, 98, :_reduce_66,
+  7, 92, :_reduce_67,
+  3, 92, :_reduce_68,
+  0, 88, :_reduce_none,
   1, 88, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 96, :_reduce_75,
-  0, 97, :_reduce_76,
-  6, 62, :_reduce_77,
-  0, 98, :_reduce_78,
-  0, 99, :_reduce_79,
-  5, 62, :_reduce_80,
-  1, 79, :_reduce_81,
-  2, 79, :_reduce_82,
-  3, 79, :_reduce_83,
-  1, 100, :_reduce_84,
-  2, 100, :_reduce_85,
-  1, 101, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 82, :_reduce_87,
-  1, 82, :_reduce_88,
-  1, 52, :_reduce_none,
-  2, 52, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 102, :_reduce_none,
-  2, 102, :_reduce_none,
-  4, 103, :_reduce_93,
-  1, 105, :_reduce_94,
-  3, 105, :_reduce_95,
-  2, 105, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 106, :_reduce_97,
-  1, 106, :_reduce_98,
-  3, 106, :_reduce_99,
-  4, 106, :_reduce_100,
-  6, 106, :_reduce_101,
-  0, 108, :_reduce_102,
-  0, 109, :_reduce_103,
-  7, 106, :_reduce_104,
-  3, 106, :_reduce_105,
-  1, 90, :_reduce_106,
-  1, 90, :_reduce_107,
-  1, 90, :_reduce_108,
-  1, 91, :_reduce_109,
-  3, 91, :_reduce_110,
-  2, 91, :_reduce_111,
-  4, 91, :_reduce_112,
   0, 89, :_reduce_none,
-  3, 89, :_reduce_114,
-  1, 104, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 53, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 110, :_reduce_117,
-  3, 53, :_reduce_118,
-  1, 60, :_reduce_none,
-  0, 61, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 61, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 61, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 61, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 68, :_reduce_124,
-  2, 68, :_reduce_125,
-  1, 111, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 111, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 95, :_reduce_128,
-  0, 107, :_reduce_none,
-  1, 107, :_reduce_none ]
-
-racc_reduce_n = 131
-
-racc_shift_n = 215
+  1, 89, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 83, :_reduce_73,
+  2, 83, :_reduce_74,
+  3, 83, :_reduce_75,
+  1, 99, :_reduce_76,
+  2, 99, :_reduce_77,
+  1, 93, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 93, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 101, :_reduce_80,
+  0, 102, :_reduce_81,
+  6, 67, :_reduce_82,
+  0, 103, :_reduce_83,
+  0, 104, :_reduce_84,
+  5, 67, :_reduce_85,
+  1, 84, :_reduce_86,
+  2, 84, :_reduce_87,
+  3, 84, :_reduce_88,
+  1, 105, :_reduce_89,
+  2, 105, :_reduce_90,
+  1, 106, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 87, :_reduce_92,
+  1, 87, :_reduce_93,
+  1, 57, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 57, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 107, :_reduce_none,
+  2, 107, :_reduce_none,
+  4, 108, :_reduce_98,
+  1, 110, :_reduce_99,
+  3, 110, :_reduce_100,
+  2, 110, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 111, :_reduce_102,
+  1, 111, :_reduce_103,
+  3, 111, :_reduce_104,
+  4, 111, :_reduce_105,
+  6, 111, :_reduce_106,
+  0, 113, :_reduce_107,
+  0, 114, :_reduce_108,
+  7, 111, :_reduce_109,
+  3, 111, :_reduce_110,
+  1, 95, :_reduce_111,
+  1, 95, :_reduce_112,
+  1, 95, :_reduce_113,
+  1, 96, :_reduce_114,
+  3, 96, :_reduce_115,
+  2, 96, :_reduce_116,
+  4, 96, :_reduce_117,
+  0, 94, :_reduce_none,
+  3, 94, :_reduce_119,
+  1, 109, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 58, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 115, :_reduce_122,
+  3, 58, :_reduce_123,
+  1, 65, :_reduce_none,
+  0, 66, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 66, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 66, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 66, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 73, :_reduce_129,
+  2, 73, :_reduce_130,
+  1, 116, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 116, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 100, :_reduce_133,
+  0, 112, :_reduce_none,
+  1, 112, :_reduce_none ]
+
+racc_reduce_n = 136
+
+racc_shift_n = 225
 
 racc_token_table = {
   false => 0,
@@ -1059,28 +1072,33 @@ def raise_parse_error(error_message, location)
   "%destructor" => 25,
   "%printer" => 26,
   "%error-token" => 27,
-  "%token" => 28,
-  "%type" => 29,
-  "%left" => 30,
-  "%right" => 31,
-  "%precedence" => 32,
-  "%nonassoc" => 33,
-  "%rule" => 34,
-  "(" => 35,
-  ")" => 36,
-  ":" => 37,
-  "," => 38,
-  "|" => 39,
-  "%empty" => 40,
-  "%prec" => 41,
-  "?" => 42,
-  "+" => 43,
-  "*" => 44,
-  "[" => 45,
-  "]" => 46,
-  "{...}" => 47 }
-
-racc_nt_base = 48
+  "%after-shift" => 28,
+  "%before-reduce" => 29,
+  "%after-reduce" => 30,
+  "%after-shift-error-token" => 31,
+  "%after-pop-stack" => 32,
+  "%token" => 33,
+  "%type" => 34,
+  "%left" => 35,
+  "%right" => 36,
+  "%precedence" => 37,
+  "%nonassoc" => 38,
+  "%rule" => 39,
+  "(" => 40,
+  ")" => 41,
+  ":" => 42,
+  "," => 43,
+  "|" => 44,
+  "%empty" => 45,
+  "%prec" => 46,
+  "?" => 47,
+  "+" => 48,
+  "*" => 49,
+  "[" => 50,
+  "]" => 51,
+  "{...}" => 52 }
+
+racc_nt_base = 53
 
 racc_use_result_var = true
 
@@ -1130,6 +1148,11 @@ def raise_parse_error(error_message, location)
   "\"%destructor\"",
   "\"%printer\"",
   "\"%error-token\"",
+  "\"%after-shift\"",
+  "\"%before-reduce\"",
+  "\"%after-reduce\"",
+  "\"%after-shift-error-token\"",
+  "\"%after-pop-stack\"",
   "\"%token\"",
   "\"%type\"",
   "\"%left\"",
@@ -1459,10 +1482,50 @@ def _reduce_37(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-# reduce 38 omitted
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 133)
+  def _reduce_38(val, _values, result)
+                               @grammar.after_shift = val[1]
+
+    result
+  end
+.,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 135)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 137)
   def _reduce_39(val, _values, result)
+                               @grammar.before_reduce = val[1]
+
+    result
+  end
+.,.,
+
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 141)
+  def _reduce_40(val, _values, result)
+                               @grammar.after_reduce = val[1]
+
+    result
+  end
+.,.,
+
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 145)
+  def _reduce_41(val, _values, result)
+                               @grammar.after_shift_error_token = val[1]
+
+    result
+  end
+.,.,
+
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 149)
+  def _reduce_42(val, _values, result)
+                               @grammar.after_pop_stack = val[1]
+
+    result
+  end
+.,.,
+
+# reduce 43 omitted
+
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 155)
+  def _reduce_44(val, _values, result)
                               val[1].each {|hash|
                             hash[:tokens].each {|id|
                               @grammar.add_type(id: id, tag: hash[:tag])
@@ -1473,8 +1536,8 @@ def _reduce_39(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 143)
-  def _reduce_40(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 163)
+  def _reduce_45(val, _values, result)
                               val[1].each {|hash|
                             hash[:tokens].each {|id|
                               sym = @grammar.add_term(id: id)
@@ -1487,8 +1550,8 @@ def _reduce_40(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 153)
-  def _reduce_41(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 173)
+  def _reduce_46(val, _values, result)
                               val[1].each {|hash|
                             hash[:tokens].each {|id|
                               sym = @grammar.add_term(id: id)
@@ -1501,8 +1564,8 @@ def _reduce_41(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 163)
-  def _reduce_42(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 183)
+  def _reduce_47(val, _values, result)
                               val[1].each {|hash|
                             hash[:tokens].each {|id|
                               sym = @grammar.add_term(id: id)
@@ -1515,8 +1578,8 @@ def _reduce_42(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 173)
-  def _reduce_43(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 193)
+  def _reduce_48(val, _values, result)
                               val[1].each {|hash|
                             hash[:tokens].each {|id|
                               sym = @grammar.add_term(id: id)
@@ -1529,8 +1592,8 @@ def _reduce_43(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 184)
-  def _reduce_44(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 204)
+  def _reduce_49(val, _values, result)
                               val[0].each {|token_declaration|
                             @grammar.add_term(id: token_declaration[0], alias_name: token_declaration[2], token_id: token_declaration[1], tag: nil, replace: true)
                           }
@@ -1539,8 +1602,8 @@ def _reduce_44(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 190)
-  def _reduce_45(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 210)
+  def _reduce_50(val, _values, result)
                               val[1].each {|token_declaration|
                             @grammar.add_term(id: token_declaration[0], alias_name: token_declaration[2], token_id: token_declaration[1], tag: val[0], replace: true)
                           }
@@ -1549,8 +1612,8 @@ def _reduce_45(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 196)
-  def _reduce_46(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 216)
+  def _reduce_51(val, _values, result)
                               val[2].each {|token_declaration|
                             @grammar.add_term(id: token_declaration[0], alias_name: token_declaration[2], token_id: token_declaration[1], tag: val[1], replace: true)
                           }
@@ -1559,29 +1622,29 @@ def _reduce_46(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 201)
-  def _reduce_47(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 221)
+  def _reduce_52(val, _values, result)
      result = [val[0]]
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 202)
-  def _reduce_48(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 222)
+  def _reduce_53(val, _values, result)
      result = val[0].append(val[1])
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 204)
-  def _reduce_49(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 224)
+  def _reduce_54(val, _values, result)
      result = val
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 208)
-  def _reduce_50(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 228)
+  def _reduce_55(val, _values, result)
                             rule = Grammar::ParameterizingRule::Rule.new(val[1].s_value, val[3], val[6])
                         @grammar.add_parameterizing_rule(rule)
 
@@ -1589,22 +1652,22 @@ def _reduce_50(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 212)
-  def _reduce_51(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 232)
+  def _reduce_56(val, _values, result)
      result = [val[0]]
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 213)
-  def _reduce_52(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 233)
+  def _reduce_57(val, _values, result)
      result = val[0].append(val[2])
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 217)
-  def _reduce_53(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 237)
+  def _reduce_58(val, _values, result)
                       builder = val[0]
                   result = [builder]
 
@@ -1612,8 +1675,8 @@ def _reduce_53(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 222)
-  def _reduce_54(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 242)
+  def _reduce_59(val, _values, result)
                       builder = val[2]
                   result = val[0].append(builder)
 
@@ -1621,8 +1684,8 @@ def _reduce_54(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 228)
-  def _reduce_55(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 248)
+  def _reduce_60(val, _values, result)
                   reset_precs
               result = Grammar::ParameterizingRule::Rhs.new
 
@@ -1630,8 +1693,8 @@ def _reduce_55(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 233)
-  def _reduce_56(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 253)
+  def _reduce_61(val, _values, result)
                   reset_precs
               result = Grammar::ParameterizingRule::Rhs.new
 
@@ -1639,8 +1702,8 @@ def _reduce_56(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 238)
-  def _reduce_57(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 258)
+  def _reduce_62(val, _values, result)
                   token = val[1]
               token.alias_name = val[2]
               builder = val[0]
@@ -1651,8 +1714,8 @@ def _reduce_57(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 246)
-  def _reduce_58(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 266)
+  def _reduce_63(val, _values, result)
                     builder = val[0]
                 builder.symbols << Lrama::Lexer::Token::InstantiateRule.new(s_value: val[2], location: @lexer.location, args: [val[1]])
                 result = builder
@@ -1661,8 +1724,8 @@ def _reduce_58(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 252)
-  def _reduce_59(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 272)
+  def _reduce_64(val, _values, result)
                     builder = val[0]
                 builder.symbols << Lrama::Lexer::Token::InstantiateRule.new(s_value: val[1].s_value, location: @lexer.location, args: val[3])
                 result = builder
@@ -1671,8 +1734,8 @@ def _reduce_59(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 258)
-  def _reduce_60(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 278)
+  def _reduce_65(val, _values, result)
                   if @prec_seen
                 on_action_error("multiple User_code after %prec", val[0])  if @code_after_prec
                 @code_after_prec = true
@@ -1683,16 +1746,16 @@ def _reduce_60(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 266)
-  def _reduce_61(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 286)
+  def _reduce_66(val, _values, result)
                   end_c_declaration
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 270)
-  def _reduce_62(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 290)
+  def _reduce_67(val, _values, result)
                   user_code = val[3]
               user_code.alias_name = val[6]
               builder = val[0]
@@ -1703,8 +1766,8 @@ def _reduce_62(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 278)
-  def _reduce_63(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 298)
+  def _reduce_68(val, _values, result)
                   sym = @grammar.find_symbol_by_id!(val[2])
               @prec_seen = true
               builder = val[0]
@@ -1715,168 +1778,168 @@ def _reduce_63(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-# reduce 64 omitted
+# reduce 69 omitted
 
-# reduce 65 omitted
+# reduce 70 omitted
 
-# reduce 66 omitted
+# reduce 71 omitted
 
-# reduce 67 omitted
+# reduce 72 omitted
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 293)
-  def _reduce_68(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 313)
+  def _reduce_73(val, _values, result)
                                result = [{tag: nil, tokens: val[0]}]
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 297)
-  def _reduce_69(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 317)
+  def _reduce_74(val, _values, result)
                                result = [{tag: val[0], tokens: val[1]}]
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 301)
-  def _reduce_70(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 321)
+  def _reduce_75(val, _values, result)
                              result = val[0].append({tag: val[1], tokens: val[2]})
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 304)
-  def _reduce_71(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 324)
+  def _reduce_76(val, _values, result)
      result = [val[0]]
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 305)
-  def _reduce_72(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 325)
+  def _reduce_77(val, _values, result)
      result = val[0].append(val[1])
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-# reduce 73 omitted
+# reduce 78 omitted
 
-# reduce 74 omitted
+# reduce 79 omitted
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 312)
-  def _reduce_75(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 332)
+  def _reduce_80(val, _values, result)
                   begin_c_declaration("}")
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 316)
-  def _reduce_76(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 336)
+  def _reduce_81(val, _values, result)
                   end_c_declaration
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 320)
-  def _reduce_77(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 340)
+  def _reduce_82(val, _values, result)
                   result = val[0].append(val[3])
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 324)
-  def _reduce_78(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 344)
+  def _reduce_83(val, _values, result)
                   begin_c_declaration("}")
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 328)
-  def _reduce_79(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 348)
+  def _reduce_84(val, _values, result)
                   end_c_declaration
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 332)
-  def _reduce_80(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 352)
+  def _reduce_85(val, _values, result)
                   result = [val[2]]
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 337)
-  def _reduce_81(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 357)
+  def _reduce_86(val, _values, result)
                                              result = [{tag: nil, tokens: val[0]}]
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 341)
-  def _reduce_82(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 361)
+  def _reduce_87(val, _values, result)
                                              result = [{tag: val[0], tokens: val[1]}]
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 345)
-  def _reduce_83(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 365)
+  def _reduce_88(val, _values, result)
                                              result = val[0].append({tag: val[1], tokens: val[2]})
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 348)
-  def _reduce_84(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 368)
+  def _reduce_89(val, _values, result)
      result = [val[0]]
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 349)
-  def _reduce_85(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 369)
+  def _reduce_90(val, _values, result)
      result = val[0].append(val[1])
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-# reduce 86 omitted
+# reduce 91 omitted
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 353)
-  def _reduce_87(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 373)
+  def _reduce_92(val, _values, result)
      on_action_error("ident after %prec", val[0]) if @prec_seen
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 354)
-  def _reduce_88(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 374)
+  def _reduce_93(val, _values, result)
      on_action_error("char after %prec", val[0]) if @prec_seen
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-# reduce 89 omitted
+# reduce 94 omitted
 
-# reduce 90 omitted
+# reduce 95 omitted
 
-# reduce 91 omitted
+# reduce 96 omitted
 
-# reduce 92 omitted
+# reduce 97 omitted
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 364)
-  def _reduce_93(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 384)
+  def _reduce_98(val, _values, result)
                  lhs = val[0]
              lhs.alias_name = val[1]
              val[3].each do |builder|
@@ -1889,8 +1952,8 @@ def _reduce_93(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 375)
-  def _reduce_94(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 395)
+  def _reduce_99(val, _values, result)
                     builder = val[0]
                 if !builder.line
                   builder.line = @lexer.line - 1
@@ -1901,8 +1964,8 @@ def _reduce_94(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 383)
-  def _reduce_95(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 403)
+  def _reduce_100(val, _values, result)
                     builder = val[2]
                 if !builder.line
                   builder.line = @lexer.line - 1
@@ -1913,10 +1976,10 @@ def _reduce_95(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-# reduce 96 omitted
+# reduce 101 omitted
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 393)
-  def _reduce_97(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 413)
+  def _reduce_102(val, _values, result)
                reset_precs
            result = Grammar::RuleBuilder.new(@rule_counter, @midrule_action_counter)
 
@@ -1924,8 +1987,8 @@ def _reduce_97(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 398)
-  def _reduce_98(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 418)
+  def _reduce_103(val, _values, result)
                reset_precs
            result = Grammar::RuleBuilder.new(@rule_counter, @midrule_action_counter)
 
@@ -1933,8 +1996,8 @@ def _reduce_98(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 403)
-  def _reduce_99(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 423)
+  def _reduce_104(val, _values, result)
                token = val[1]
            token.alias_name = val[2]
            builder = val[0]
@@ -1945,8 +2008,8 @@ def _reduce_99(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 411)
-  def _reduce_100(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 431)
+  def _reduce_105(val, _values, result)
                token = Lrama::Lexer::Token::InstantiateRule.new(s_value: val[2], location: @lexer.location, args: [val[1]], lhs_tag: val[3])
            builder = val[0]
            builder.add_rhs(token)
@@ -1957,8 +2020,8 @@ def _reduce_100(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 419)
-  def _reduce_101(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 439)
+  def _reduce_106(val, _values, result)
                token = Lrama::Lexer::Token::InstantiateRule.new(s_value: val[1].s_value, location: @lexer.location, args: val[3], lhs_tag: val[5])
            builder = val[0]
            builder.add_rhs(token)
@@ -1969,8 +2032,8 @@ def _reduce_101(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 427)
-  def _reduce_102(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 447)
+  def _reduce_107(val, _values, result)
                if @prec_seen
              on_action_error("multiple User_code after %prec", val[0])  if @code_after_prec
              @code_after_prec = true
@@ -1981,16 +2044,16 @@ def _reduce_102(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 435)
-  def _reduce_103(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 455)
+  def _reduce_108(val, _values, result)
                end_c_declaration
 
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 439)
-  def _reduce_104(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 459)
+  def _reduce_109(val, _values, result)
                user_code = val[3]
            user_code.alias_name = val[6]
            builder = val[0]
@@ -2001,8 +2064,8 @@ def _reduce_104(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 447)
-  def _reduce_105(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 467)
+  def _reduce_110(val, _values, result)
                sym = @grammar.find_symbol_by_id!(val[2])
            @prec_seen = true
            builder = val[0]
@@ -2013,70 +2076,70 @@ def _reduce_105(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 454)
-  def _reduce_106(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 474)
+  def _reduce_111(val, _values, result)
      result = "option"
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 455)
-  def _reduce_107(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 475)
+  def _reduce_112(val, _values, result)
      result = "nonempty_list"
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 456)
-  def _reduce_108(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 476)
+  def _reduce_113(val, _values, result)
      result = "list"
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 458)
-  def _reduce_109(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 478)
+  def _reduce_114(val, _values, result)
      result = [val[0]]
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 459)
-  def _reduce_110(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 479)
+  def _reduce_115(val, _values, result)
      result = val[0].append(val[2])
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 460)
-  def _reduce_111(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 480)
+  def _reduce_116(val, _values, result)
      result = [Lrama::Lexer::Token::InstantiateRule.new(s_value: val[1].s_value, location: @lexer.location, args: val[0])]
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 461)
-  def _reduce_112(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 481)
+  def _reduce_117(val, _values, result)
      result = [Lrama::Lexer::Token::InstantiateRule.new(s_value: val[0].s_value, location: @lexer.location, args: val[2])]
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-# reduce 113 omitted
+# reduce 118 omitted
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 464)
-  def _reduce_114(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 484)
+  def _reduce_119(val, _values, result)
      result = val[1].s_value
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-# reduce 115 omitted
+# reduce 120 omitted
 
-# reduce 116 omitted
+# reduce 121 omitted
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 471)
-  def _reduce_117(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 491)
+  def _reduce_122(val, _values, result)
                         begin_c_declaration('\Z')
                     @grammar.epilogue_first_lineno = @lexer.line + 1
 
@@ -2084,8 +2147,8 @@ def _reduce_117(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 476)
-  def _reduce_118(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 496)
+  def _reduce_123(val, _values, result)
                         end_c_declaration
                     @grammar.epilogue = val[2].s_value
 
@@ -2093,44 +2156,44 @@ def _reduce_118(val, _values, result)
   end
 .,.,
 
-# reduce 119 omitted
+# reduce 124 omitted
 
-# reduce 120 omitted
+# reduce 125 omitted
 
-# reduce 121 omitted
+# reduce 126 omitted
 
-# reduce 122 omitted
+# reduce 127 omitted
 
-# reduce 123 omitted
+# reduce 128 omitted
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 487)
-  def _reduce_124(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 507)
+  def _reduce_129(val, _values, result)
      result = [val[0]]
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 488)
-  def _reduce_125(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 508)
+  def _reduce_130(val, _values, result)
      result = val[0].append(val[1])
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-# reduce 126 omitted
+# reduce 131 omitted
 
-# reduce 127 omitted
+# reduce 132 omitted
 
-module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 493)
-  def _reduce_128(val, _values, result)
+module_eval(<<'.,.,', 'parser.y', 513)
+  def _reduce_133(val, _values, result)
      result = Lrama::Lexer::Token::Ident.new(s_value: val[0])
     result
   end
 .,.,
 
-# reduce 129 omitted
+# reduce 134 omitted
 
-# reduce 130 omitted
+# reduce 135 omitted
 
 def _reduce_none(val, _values, result)
   val[0]
diff --git a/parser.y b/parser.y
index f5b9f402..1aedc75e 100644
--- a/parser.y
+++ b/parser.y
@@ -129,6 +129,26 @@ rule
                              lineno: val[3].line
                            )
                          }
+                     | "%after-shift" IDENTIFIER
+                         {
+                           @grammar.after_shift = val[1]
+                         }
+                     | "%before-reduce" IDENTIFIER
+                         {
+                           @grammar.before_reduce = val[1]
+                         }
+                     | "%after-reduce" IDENTIFIER
+                         {
+                           @grammar.after_reduce = val[1]
+                         }
+                     | "%after-shift-error-token" IDENTIFIER
+                         {
+                           @grammar.after_shift_error_token = val[1]
+                         }
+                     | "%after-pop-stack" IDENTIFIER
+                         {
+                           @grammar.after_pop_stack = val[1]
+                         }
 
   symbol_declaration: "%token" token_declarations
                     | "%type" symbol_declarations
diff --git a/spec/fixtures/integration/after_shift.l b/spec/fixtures/integration/after_shift.l
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0ab1cc95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/fixtures/integration/after_shift.l
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+%option noinput nounput noyywrap never-interactive bison-bridge bison-locations
+
+%{
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "after_shift.h"
+
+%}
+
+NUMBER [0-9]+
+
+%%
+
+{NUMBER} {
+    ((void) yylloc);
+    yylval->val = atoi(yytext);
+    return NUM;
+}
+
+[+\-\*\/\(\)] {
+    return yytext[0];
+}
+
+[\n|\r\n] {
+    return(YYEOF);
+}
+
+[[:space:]] {}
+
+<<EOF>> {
+    return(YYEOF);
+}
+
+. {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Illegal character '%s'\n", yytext);
+    return(YYEOF);
+}
+
+%%
diff --git a/spec/fixtures/integration/after_shift.y b/spec/fixtures/integration/after_shift.y
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..56ba9055
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/fixtures/integration/after_shift.y
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+%{
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "after_shift.h"
+#include "after_shift-lexer.h"
+
+static int yyerror(YYLTYPE *loc, const char *str);
+
+static void
+after_shift(void)
+{
+    printf("after-shift: %d\n", __LINE__);
+}
+
+static void
+before_reduce(int len)
+{
+    printf("before-reduce: %d, %d\n", __LINE__, len);
+}
+
+static void
+after_reduce(int len)
+{
+    printf("after-reduce: %d, %d\n", __LINE__, len);
+}
+
+static void
+after_shift_error_token(void)
+{
+    printf("after-shift-error-token: %d\n", __LINE__);
+}
+
+static void
+after_pop_stack(int len)
+{
+    printf("after-pop-stack: %d, %d\n", __LINE__, len);
+}
+
+%}
+
+%union {
+    int val;
+}
+
+%after-shift after_shift
+%before-reduce before_reduce
+%after-reduce after_reduce
+%after-shift-error-token after_shift_error_token
+%after-pop-stack after_pop_stack
+
+%token <val> NUM
+%type <val> expr
+%left '+' '-'
+%left '*' '/'
+
+%%
+
+program : /* empty */
+     | expr { printf("=> %d\n", $1); }
+     | error
+         {
+           printf("error (%d)\n", $:1);
+         }
+     ;
+
+expr : NUM
+     | expr '+' expr
+         {
+           $$ = $1 + $3;
+           printf("+ (%d, %d, %d)\n", $:1, $:2, $:3);
+         }
+     | expr '-' expr
+         {
+           $$ = $1 - $3;
+           printf("- (%d, %d, %d)\n", $:1, $:2, $:3);
+         }
+     | expr '*' expr
+         {
+           $$ = $1 * $3;
+           printf("* (%d, %d, %d)\n", $:1, $:2, $:3);
+         }
+     | expr '/' expr
+         {
+           $$ = $1 / $3;
+           printf("/ (%d, %d, %d)\n", $:1, $:2, $:3);
+         }
+     | '(' expr ')'
+         {
+           $$ = $2;
+           printf("(...) (%d, %d, %d)\n", $:1, $:2, $:3);
+         }
+     ;
+
+%%
+
+static int yyerror(YYLTYPE *loc, const char *str) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "parse error: %s\n", str);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+    if (argc == 2) {
+        yy_scan_string(argv[1]);
+    }
+
+    if (yyparse()) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "syntax error\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/spec/lrama/grammar/code_spec.rb b/spec/lrama/grammar/code_spec.rb
index 550791b9..dfd35ba7 100644
--- a/spec/lrama/grammar/code_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/lrama/grammar/code_spec.rb
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
   let(:token_class) { Lrama::Lexer::Token }
   let(:user_code_dollar_dollar) { token_class::UserCode.new(s_value: 'print($$);') }
   let(:user_code_at_dollar) { token_class::UserCode.new(s_value: 'print(@$);') }
+  let(:user_code_index_dollar) { token_class::UserCode.new(s_value: 'print($:$);') }
   let(:user_code_dollar_n) { token_class::UserCode.new(s_value: 'print($n);') }
   let(:user_code_at_n) { token_class::UserCode.new(s_value: 'print(@n);') }
+  let(:user_code_index_n) { token_class::UserCode.new(s_value: 'print($:1);') }
 
   describe Lrama::Grammar::Code::InitialActionCode do
     describe "#translated_code" do
@@ -17,6 +19,11 @@
         expect(code.translated_code).to eq("print(yylloc);")
       end
 
+      it "raises error for '$:$'" do
+        code = described_class.new(type: :initial_action, token_code: user_code_index_dollar)
+        expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("$:$ can not be used in initial_action.")
+      end
+
       it "raises error for '$n'" do
         code = described_class.new(type: :initial_action, token_code: user_code_dollar_n)
         expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("$n can not be used in initial_action.")
@@ -26,6 +33,11 @@
         code = described_class.new(type: :initial_action, token_code: user_code_at_n)
         expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("@n can not be used in initial_action.")
       end
+
+      it "raises error for '$:n'" do
+        code = described_class.new(type: :initial_action, token_code: user_code_index_n)
+        expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("$:1 can not be used in initial_action.")
+      end
     end
   end
 
@@ -41,6 +53,11 @@
         expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("@$ can not be used in union.")
       end
 
+      it "raises error for '$:$'" do
+        code = described_class.new(type: :union, token_code: user_code_index_dollar)
+        expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("$:$ can not be used in union.")
+      end
+
       it "raises error for '$n'" do
         code = described_class.new(type: :union, token_code: user_code_dollar_n)
         expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("$n can not be used in union.")
@@ -50,6 +67,11 @@
         code = described_class.new(type: :union, token_code: user_code_at_n)
         expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("@n can not be used in union.")
       end
+
+      it "raises error for '$:n'" do
+        code = described_class.new(type: :union, token_code: user_code_index_n)
+        expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("$:1 can not be used in union.")
+      end
     end
   end
 
@@ -67,6 +89,11 @@
         expect(code.translated_code).to eq("print((*yylocationp));")
       end
 
+      it "raises error for '$:$'" do
+        code = described_class.new(type: :printer, token_code: user_code_index_dollar, tag: tag)
+        expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("$:$ can not be used in printer.")
+      end
+
       it "raises error for '$n'" do
         code = described_class.new(type: :printer, token_code: user_code_dollar_n, tag: tag)
         expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("$n can not be used in printer.")
@@ -76,6 +103,11 @@
         code = described_class.new(type: :printer, token_code: user_code_at_n, tag: tag)
         expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("@n can not be used in printer.")
       end
+
+      it "raises error for '$:n'" do
+        code = described_class.new(type: :printer, token_code: user_code_index_n, tag: tag)
+        expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("$:1 can not be used in printer.")
+      end
     end
   end
 
@@ -120,6 +152,10 @@
                | rule6
                | rule7
                | rule8
+               | rule9
+               | rule10
+               | rule11
+               | rule12
                ;
 
         rule1: expr '+' expr { $$ = 0; }
@@ -146,6 +182,17 @@
         rule8: expr { $$ = $1 } '+' expr { $2; }
              ;
 
+        rule9: expr '+' expr { $:1; $:2; $:3; }
+             ;
+
+        rule10: expr '+' expr { $:$; }
+              ;
+
+        rule11: expr { $:1; } '+' expr { $:1; $:2; $:3; $:4; }
+              ;
+
+        rule12: expr '+' expr[expr-right] { $:1; $:2; $:[expr-right]; }
+              ;
         %%
       GRAMMAR
     end
@@ -212,6 +259,26 @@
           expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("Tag is not specified for '$2' in 'rule8 -> expr, @3, '+', expr'")
         end
       end
+
+      context "$: is used" do
+        it "translats '$:$' to '-yylen' and '$:n' to index from the last of array" do
+          code = grammar.rules.find {|r| r.lhs.id.s_value == "rule9" }
+          expect(code.translated_code).to eq(" (-2 - 1); (-1 - 1); (0 - 1); ")
+
+          code = grammar.rules.find {|r| r.lhs.id.s_value == "rule10" }
+          expect { code.translated_code }.to raise_error("$:$ is not supported")
+
+          # midrule action in rule11
+          code = grammar.rules.find {|r| r.lhs.id.s_value == "@4" }
+          expect(code.translated_code).to eq(" (0 - 1); ")
+
+          code = grammar.rules.find {|r| r.lhs.id.s_value == "rule11" }
+          expect(code.translated_code).to eq(" (-3 - 1); (-2 - 1); (-1 - 1); (0 - 1); ")
+
+          code = grammar.rules.find {|r| r.lhs.id.s_value == "rule12" }
+          expect(code.translated_code).to eq(" (-2 - 1); (-1 - 1); (0 - 1); ")
+        end
+      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/lrama/integration_spec.rb b/spec/lrama/integration_spec.rb
index c3d0a142..de1ead2a 100644
--- a/spec/lrama/integration_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/lrama/integration_spec.rb
@@ -143,6 +143,67 @@ def generate_object(grammar_file_path, c_path, obj_path, command_args: [])
     end
   end
 
+  describe "after_shift, before_reduce & after_reduce" do
+    it "returns 9 for '(1+2)*3'" do
+      expected = <<~STR
+        after-shift: 12
+        after-shift: 12
+        before-reduce: 18, 1
+        after-reduce: 24, 1
+        after-shift: 12
+        after-shift: 12
+        before-reduce: 18, 1
+        after-reduce: 24, 1
+        before-reduce: 18, 3
+        + (-3, -2, -1)
+        after-reduce: 24, 3
+        after-shift: 12
+        before-reduce: 18, 3
+        (...) (-3, -2, -1)
+        after-reduce: 24, 3
+        after-shift: 12
+        after-shift: 12
+        before-reduce: 18, 1
+        after-reduce: 24, 1
+        before-reduce: 18, 3
+        * (-3, -2, -1)
+        after-reduce: 24, 3
+        before-reduce: 18, 1
+        => 9
+        after-reduce: 24, 1
+        after-shift: 12
+      STR
+
+      test_parser("after_shift", "( 1 + 2 ) * 3", expected)
+
+      expected = <<~STR
+        after-shift: 12
+        before-reduce: 18, 1
+        after-reduce: 24, 1
+        after-shift: 12
+        after-pop-stack: 36, 1
+        after-pop-stack: 36, 1
+        after-shift-error-token: 30
+        before-reduce: 18, 1
+        error (-1)
+        after-reduce: 24, 1
+        after-pop-stack: 36, 1
+        after-shift-error-token: 30
+        before-reduce: 18, 1
+        error (-1)
+        after-reduce: 24, 1
+        after-pop-stack: 36, 1
+        after-shift-error-token: 30
+        before-reduce: 18, 1
+        error (-1)
+        after-reduce: 24, 1
+        after-shift: 12
+      STR
+
+      test_parser("after_shift", "1 * + 2", expected)
+    end
+  end
+
   # TODO: Add test case for "(1+2"
   describe "error_recovery" do
     it "returns 101 for '(1+)'" do
diff --git a/template/bison/yacc.c b/template/bison/yacc.c
index f72d3461..6145a950 100644
--- a/template/bison/yacc.c
+++ b/template/bison/yacc.c
@@ -1752,6 +1752,7 @@ YYLTYPE yylloc = yyloc_default;
   *++yyvsp = yylval;
   YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_END
   *++yylsp = yylloc;
+<%= output.after_shift_function("/* %after-shift code. */") %>
 
   /* Discard the shifted token.  */
   yychar = YYEMPTY;
@@ -1784,6 +1785,7 @@ YYLTYPE yylloc = yyloc_default;
      unconditionally makes the parser a bit smaller, and it avoids a
      GCC warning that YYVAL may be used uninitialized.  */
   yyval = yyvsp[1-yylen];
+<%= output.before_reduce_function("/* %before-reduce function. */") %>
 
   /* Default location. */
   YYLLOC_DEFAULT (yyloc, (yylsp - yylen), yylen);
@@ -1809,6 +1811,7 @@ YYLTYPE yylloc = yyloc_default;
   YY_SYMBOL_PRINT ("-> $$ =", YY_CAST (yysymbol_kind_t, yyr1[yyn]), &yyval, &yyloc<%= output.user_args %>);
 
   YYPOPSTACK (yylen);
+<%= output.after_reduce_function("/* %after-reduce function. */") %>
   yylen = 0;
 
   *++yyvsp = yyval;
@@ -1910,6 +1913,7 @@ YYLTYPE yylloc = yyloc_default;
   /* Do not reclaim the symbols of the rule whose action triggered
      this YYERROR.  */
   YYPOPSTACK (yylen);
+<%= output.after_pop_stack_function("yylen", "/* %after-pop-stack function. */") %>
   yylen = 0;
   YY_STACK_PRINT (yyss, yyssp<%= output.user_args %>);
   yystate = *yyssp;
@@ -1969,6 +1973,7 @@ YYLTYPE yylloc = yyloc_default;
       yydestruct ("Error: popping",
                   YY_ACCESSING_SYMBOL (yystate), yyvsp, yylsp<%= output.user_args %>);
       YYPOPSTACK (1);
+<%= output.after_pop_stack_function(1, "/* %after-pop-stack function. */") %>
       yystate = *yyssp;
       YY_STACK_PRINT (yyss, yyssp<%= output.user_args %>);
     }
@@ -1983,6 +1988,7 @@ YYLTYPE yylloc = yyloc_default;
 
   /* Shift the error token.  */
   YY_SYMBOL_PRINT ("Shifting", YY_ACCESSING_SYMBOL (yyn), yyvsp, yylsp<%= output.user_args %>);
+<%= output.after_shift_error_token_function("/* %after-shift-error-token code. */") %>
 
   yystate = yyn;
   goto yynewstate;