Glossary

Keyword	Explanation	Example
Abduction	The movement of a limb away from the midline of the body	Muscles that abduct: Deltoid, Trapezius, Serratus Anterior. Kicking a ball makes the leg abduct
Adduction	The movement of a limb towards the midline of the body	Muscles that adduct: Pectoralis Mayor, Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major, Coracobrachialis, Triceps Brachii. When going down to squat, the legs adducts.
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Origin/ Insertion	The start and end point of a muscle. When a muscles flexes the insertion moves to the origin. (Oftentimes muscles have many origin and insertion points)	The Biceps has its origin on the Scapula🦴 and inserts into the Radius🦴
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Anterior	Direction towards the front of the body
Posterior	Direction towards the back of the body
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Flexion	Decreases angle between bones (bending of the joint)	When touching ones head, the Biceps is flexed
Extension	Increases angle between bones (straightens joint, bending of the joint)	When shaking someones hand the Biceps is extended
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External Rotation	The rotation of a joint towards the midline of the body
Internal Rotation	The rotation of a joint towards the midline of the body
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Tuberosity	A large prominence on a bone usually serving for the attachment of muscles or ligaments
Ligaments	Short bands of tough, flexible tissue, made up of lots of fibres, which connect the bones together. Provides a passive limit to the amount of movement between bones.
Process
Disc	Spongy cushions that separate the vertebrae
Tissue
Bone Tissue	The inside of a bone. Different bones have different structures like for example the honeycomb structure which is like bone armor

Latin Words That Appear in Anatomical Terms

Latin Word	Meaning
Anterior	that which is before
Posterior	that which follows after
Maximus	largest
Rectus	right in context of up-right
Magnus	great
Medius	middle
Longus	long
Medial(Medialis)	Towards the middle of the body (Use: Chest is medial of the arm)
Lateral(Lateralis)	Farther from the middle of the body. Sides of an object