Crypto-Challenges Set 1.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<h1>Crypto Set 1</h1>\n",
    "<i><b>Excercise 1:</b> Convert hex to Base64</i>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import codecs\n",
    "def hextobase64(inp):\n",
    "    return codecs.encode(codecs.decode(inp, 'hex'), 'base64').decode()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "SSdtIGtpbGxpbmcgeW91ciBicmFpbiBsaWtlIGEgcG9pc29ub3VzIG11c2hyb29t\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test = hextobase64(\"49276d206b696c6c696e6720796f757220627261696e206c696b65206120706f69736f6e6f7573206d757368726f6f6d\")\n",
    "print(test)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<i><b>Excercise2:</b> Fixed size XOR</i>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def xor(n1, n2):\n",
    "    return n1 ^ n2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "746865206b696420646f6e277420706c6179\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test = xor(0x1c0111001f010100061a024b53535009181c, 0x686974207468652062756c6c277320657965)\n",
    "print(\"{:x}\".format(test))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<i><b>Excercise 3:</b> Single-byte XOR cipher</i>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 161,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def score(inp):\n",
    "    l = len(inp)\n",
    "    dic = {}\n",
    "    for word in inp:\n",
    "        for char in word:\n",
    "            dic[char.lower()] = 0\n",
    "    for word in inp:\n",
    "        for char in word:\n",
    "            dic[char.lower()] += 1\n",
    "    sortdic = [(k, dic[k]) for k in sorted(dic, key=dic.get, reverse=True)]\n",
    "    \n",
    "    target = {\" \": 0.1619718309859155, # data from various wikipedia articles\n",
    "\"e\": 0.09635083226632522,\n",
    "\"a\": 0.07314340588988476,\n",
    "\"t\": 0.06434058898847632,\n",
    "\"n\": 0.06290012804097311,\n",
    "\"o\": 0.058098591549295774,\n",
    "\"i\": 0.05585787451984635,\n",
    "\"r\": 0.051856594110115235,\n",
    "\"s\": 0.04817541613316261,\n",
    "\"h\": 0.03745198463508323,\n",
    "\"d\": 0.030409731113956465,\n",
    "\"l\": 0.02976952624839949,\n",
    "\"c\": 0.021286811779769526,\n",
    "\"m\": 0.01856594110115237,\n",
    "\"u\": 0.016965428937259924,\n",
    "\"p\": 0.0161651728553137,\n",
    "\"f\": 0.01584507042253521,\n",
    "\"w\": 0.014084507042253521,\n",
    "\"y\": 0.012804097311139564,\n",
    "\"b\": 0.011363636363636364,\n",
    "\"v\": 0.00944302176696543,\n",
    "\"g\": 0.009282970550576185\n",
    "             }\n",
    "    score = 0\n",
    "    for key, val in sortdic:\n",
    "        if(key.lower() in target):\n",
    "            score -= abs(val/l - target[key.lower()])\n",
    "        else: \n",
    "            score -= 1\n",
    "    return score\n",
    "\n",
    "from itertools import cycle\n",
    "\n",
    "def singlexor(inp, key):\n",
    "    return ''.join(chr(num ^ key) for num in encoded)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 205,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Score: -2.39\n",
      "Key: 58\n",
      "Text: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "\n",
      "Score: -3.37\n",
      "Key: 78\n",
      "Text: cOOKING\u0000mc\u0007S\u0000LIKE\u0000A\u0000POUND\u0000OF\u0000BACON\n",
      "\n",
      "Score: -4.62\n",
      "Key: 5f\n",
      "Text: Dhhlni`'JD t'knlb'f'whric'ha'efdhi\n",
      "\n",
      "Score: -5.30\n",
      "Key: 5d\n",
      "Text: Fjjnlkb%HF\"v%iln`%d%ujpka%jc%gdfjk\n",
      "\n",
      "Score: -5.30\n",
      "Key: 7d\n",
      "Text: fJJNLKB\u0005hf\u0002V\u0005ILN@\u0005D\u0005UJPKA\u0005JC\u0005GDFJK\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import binascii\n",
    "\n",
    "encoded = binascii.unhexlify(\"1b37373331363f78151b7f2b783431333d78397828372d363c78373e783a393b3736\")\n",
    "res = {}\n",
    "\n",
    "for char in range(256):\n",
    "    res[char] = score(str(singlexor(encoded, char)))\n",
    "    \n",
    "sortres = [(k, res[k]) for k in sorted(res, key=res.get, reverse=True)]\n",
    "for key, val in sortres[:5]:\n",
    "    print(\"Score: {:.2f}\\nKey: {:02x}\\nText: {}\\n\".format(val, key, str(singlexor(encoded, key))))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<i><b>Excercise 4:</b> Detect single-character XOR</i>  "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 280,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Line 001: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
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     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Line 156: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
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      "Line 254: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 255: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 256: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 257: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 258: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 259: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 260: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 261: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 262: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 263: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 264: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 265: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 266: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 267: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 268: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 269: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 270: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 271: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 272: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 273: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 274: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 275: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 276: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 277: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 278: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 279: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 280: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 281: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 282: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 283: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 284: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 285: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 286: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 287: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 288: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 289: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 290: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 291: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 292: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 293: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 294: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 295: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 296: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 297: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 298: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 299: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 300: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 301: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 302: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 303: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 304: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 305: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 306: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 307: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 308: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 309: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 310: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 311: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 312: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 313: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 314: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 315: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 316: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 317: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 318: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 319: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 320: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 321: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 322: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 323: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Line 324: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 325: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n",
      "Line 326: Key 88: Cooking MC's like a pound of bacon\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "ename": "Error",
     "evalue": "Odd-length string",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[1;31mError\u001b[0m                                     Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-280-b495a1ab9a71>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mwith\u001b[0m \u001b[0mopen\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;34m\"excercise4_data.txt\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m\"r\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mas\u001b[0m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      2\u001b[0m     \u001b[1;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mi\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mline\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0menumerate\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 3\u001b[1;33m         \u001b[0mline\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mbinascii\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0munhexlify\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mline\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m[\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m-\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m]\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m \u001b[1;31m# a hack to not use the \"LN\" character\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32m      4\u001b[0m         \u001b[0mres1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m{\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m}\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      5\u001b[0m         \u001b[1;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mchar\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mrange\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m256\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[1;31mError\u001b[0m: Odd-length string"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "with open(\"excercise4_data.txt\", \"r\") as f:\n",
    "    for i, line in enumerate(f):\n",
    "        line = binascii.unhexlify(line[:-1]) # a hack to not use the \"LN\" character\n",
    "        res1 = {}\n",
    "        for char in range(256):\n",
    "            res1[char] = score(singlexor(line, char))\n",
    "        sortres1 = [(k, res1[k]) for k in sorted(res1, key=res1.get, reverse=True)]\n",
    "        print(\"Line {:03d}: Key {}: {}\".format(i+1,sortres1[0][0], singlexor(line, sortres1[0][0])))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<i><b>Excercise 5:</b> Implement repeating-key XOR</i>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 287,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def repxor(inp, key):\n",
    "    res = \"\"\n",
    "    for i, char in enumerate(inp):\n",
    "        res += str(codecs.decode(chr(codecs.encode(codecs.encode(key[i%len(key)]), \"hex\")[0] ^ codecs.encode(codecs.encode(char), \"hex\")[0])))\n",
    "    return res"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 286,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\u0000\u0003\u0003\u0002\u0002\u0002\u0002\u0006\u0006\u0002\u0002\u0006\u0006\u0002\u0002\u0006\u0003\u0002\u0003\u0006\u0002\u0002\u0002\u0006\u0003\u0006\u0003\u0003\u0002\u0002\u0002\u0006\u0002\u0002\u0002\u0006\u0002\u0002\u0002\u0002\u0002\u0002\u0000\u0006\u0002\u0002\u0006\u0002\u0003\u0002\u0003\u0003\u0006\u0003\u0002\u0002\u0002\u0006\u0000\u0006\u0002\u0002\u0002\u0003\u0006\u0002\u0006\u0002\u0003\u0002\u0002\u0002\u0002\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(repxor(\"Burning 'em, if you ain't quick and nimbleI go crazy when I hear a cymbal\", \"ICE\"))\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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