diff --git a/docs/dev/ui_style_guide.rst b/docs/dev/ui_style_guide.rst
index ca43d7bb2f..f132d6e474 100644
--- a/docs/dev/ui_style_guide.rst
+++ b/docs/dev/ui_style_guide.rst
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Tray Plugins
 In order to be consistent with layout, styling, and spacing, UI development on plugins should
 try to adhere to the following principles:
 
-* Any tray plugin should utilize ``<j-tray-plugin :disabled_msg='disabled_msg'>`` as the
+* Any tray plugin should utilize ``<j-tray-plugin :has_previews="has_previews" :plugin_active.sync="plugin_active" :persistent_previews.sync="persistent_previews" :disabled_msg='disabled_msg' :popout_button="popout_button">`` as the
   outer-container (which provides consistent styling rules).  Any changes to style
   across all plugins should then take place in the
   ``j-tray-plugin`` stylesheet (``jdaviz/components/tray_plugin.vue``).
diff --git a/jdaviz/components/tray_plugin.vue b/jdaviz/components/tray_plugin.vue
index 63ecf2b530..228b65a0fb 100644
--- a/jdaviz/components/tray_plugin.vue
+++ b/jdaviz/components/tray_plugin.vue
@@ -1,26 +1,42 @@
 <template>
-  <v-container class="tray-plugin" style="padding-left: 24px; padding-right: 24px; padding-top: 12px">
-    <v-row>
-      <div style="width: calc(100% - 32px)">
-        <j-docs-link :link="link">{{ description }}</j-docs-link>
-      </div>
-      <div style="width: 32px">
-        <j-plugin-popout :popout_button="popout_button"></j-plugin-popout>
-      </div>
-    </v-row>
-    
-    <v-row v-if="isDisabled()">
-      <span> {{ getDisabledMsg() }}</span>
-    </v-row>
-    <div v-else>
-      <slot></slot>
+  <div
+    @mouseenter="if (!persistent_previews){$emit('update:plugin_active', true)}"
+    @mouseleave="if (!persistent_previews){$emit('update:plugin_active', false)}"
+    :style="(plugin_active || persistent_previews) ? 'border-left: 4px solid rgb(2 123 161 / 80%)' : 'margin-left: 4px'"
+    >
+      <v-container class="tray-plugin" style="padding-left: 24px; padding-right: 24px; padding-top: 12px">
+        <v-row>
+          <div style="width: calc(100% - 32px)">
+            <j-docs-link :link="link">{{ description }}</j-docs-link>
+          </div>
+          <div style="width: 32px">
+            <j-plugin-popout :popout_button="popout_button"></j-plugin-popout>
+          </div>
+        </v-row>
+        
+        <v-row v-if="isDisabled()">
+          <span> {{ getDisabledMsg() }}</span>
+        </v-row>
+        <div v-else>
+          <v-row v-if="has_previews">
+            <v-switch
+              v-model="persistent_previews"
+              @change="$emit('update:persistent_previews', $event)"
+              label="persistent live-preview"
+              hint="show live-preview even when mouse is not over plugin"
+              persistent-hint>
+            </v-switch>
+          </v-row>
+          <slot></slot>
+        </div>
+      </v-container>
     </div>
-  </v-container>
 </template>
 
 <script>
 module.exports = {
-  props: ['disabled_msg', 'description', 'link', 'popout_button'],
+  props: ['disabled_msg', 'description', 'link', 'popout_button',
+          'has_previews', 'plugin_active', 'persistent_previews'],
   methods: {
     isDisabled() {
       return this.getDisabledMsg().length > 0
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/cubeviz/plugins/tests/test_tools.py b/jdaviz/configs/cubeviz/plugins/tests/test_tools.py
index b97d181aba..33dae0bc18 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/cubeviz/plugins/tests/test_tools.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/cubeviz/plugins/tests/test_tools.py
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ def test_spectrum_at_spaxel(cubeviz_helper, spectrum1d_cube):
     flux_viewer.toolbar.active_tool = flux_viewer.toolbar.tools['jdaviz:spectrumperspaxel']
     x = 1
     y = 1
-    assert len(flux_viewer.figure.marks) == 2
+    assert len(flux_viewer.native_marks) == 2
     assert len(spectrum_viewer.data()) == 1
 
     # Click on spaxel location
     flux_viewer.toolbar.active_tool.on_mouse_event(
         {'event': 'click', 'domain': {'x': x, 'y': y}, 'altKey': False})
-    assert len(flux_viewer.figure.marks) == 3
+    assert len(flux_viewer.native_marks) == 3
     assert len(spectrum_viewer.data()) == 2
 
     # Check that a new subset was created
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ def test_spectrum_at_spaxel(cubeviz_helper, spectrum1d_cube):
 
     # Deselect tool
     flux_viewer.toolbar.active_tool = None
-    assert len(flux_viewer.figure.marks) == 3
+    assert len(flux_viewer.native_marks) == 3
 
 
 def test_spectrum_at_spaxel_altkey_true(cubeviz_helper, spectrum1d_cube):
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def test_spectrum_at_spaxel_altkey_true(cubeviz_helper, spectrum1d_cube):
     flux_viewer.toolbar.active_tool = flux_viewer.toolbar.tools['jdaviz:spectrumperspaxel']
     x = 1
     y = 1
-    assert len(flux_viewer.figure.marks) == 2
+    assert len(flux_viewer.native_marks) == 2
     assert len(spectrum_viewer.data()) == 1
 
     # Check coordinate info panel
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def test_spectrum_at_spaxel_altkey_true(cubeviz_helper, spectrum1d_cube):
     # Click on spaxel location
     flux_viewer.toolbar.active_tool.on_mouse_event(
         {'event': 'click', 'domain': {'x': x, 'y': y}, 'altKey': False})
-    assert len(flux_viewer.figure.marks) == 3
+    assert len(flux_viewer.native_marks) == 3
     assert len(spectrum_viewer.data()) == 2
 
     # Check that subset was created
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def test_spectrum_at_spaxel_altkey_true(cubeviz_helper, spectrum1d_cube):
     y = 2
     flux_viewer.toolbar.active_tool.on_mouse_event(
         {'event': 'click', 'domain': {'x': x, 'y': y}, 'altKey': True})
-    assert len(flux_viewer.figure.marks) == 4
+    assert len(flux_viewer.native_marks) == 4
     assert len(spectrum_viewer.data()) == 3
 
     subsets = cubeviz_helper.app.get_subsets()
@@ -118,15 +118,15 @@ def test_spectrum_at_spaxel_with_2d(cubeviz_helper):
     flux_viewer.toolbar.active_tool = flux_viewer.toolbar.tools['jdaviz:spectrumperspaxel']
     x = 1
     y = 1
-    assert len(flux_viewer.figure.marks) == 2
+    assert len(flux_viewer.native_marks) == 2
     assert len(spectrum_viewer.data()) == 0
 
     # Click on spaxel location
     flux_viewer.toolbar.active_tool.on_mouse_event(
         {'event': 'click', 'domain': {'x': x, 'y': y}, 'altKey': False})
-    assert len(flux_viewer.figure.marks) == 3
+    assert len(flux_viewer.native_marks) == 3
     assert len(spectrum_viewer.data()) == 0
 
     # Deselect tool
     flux_viewer.toolbar.active_tool = None
-    assert len(flux_viewer.figure.marks) == 3
+    assert len(flux_viewer.native_marks) == 3
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/line_lists/line_lists.py b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/line_lists/line_lists.py
index f27b3eaad8..19a221fe4f 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/line_lists/line_lists.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/line_lists/line_lists.py
@@ -322,12 +322,7 @@ def _on_rs_redshift_updated(self, event):
             msg = RedshiftMessage("redshift", value, sender=self)
             self.app.hub.broadcast(msg)
 
-    @observe('plugin_opened')
     def _update_line_list_obs(self, *args):
-        if not self.plugin_opened:
-            return
-
-        new_list_contents = {}
         for list_name, line_list in self.list_contents.items():
             for i, line in enumerate(line_list['lines']):
                 if self._rs_line_obs_change[0] == list_name and self._rs_line_obs_change[1] == i:  # noqa
@@ -339,10 +334,9 @@ def _update_line_list_obs(self, *args):
                 else:
                     line_list['lines'][i]['obs'] = self._rest_to_obs(float(line['rest']))
 
-            new_list_contents[list_name] = line_list
+            self.list_contents[list_name] = line_list
 
-        self.list_contents = {}
-        self.list_contents = new_list_contents
+        self.send_state('list_contents')
 
     def vue_change_line_obs(self, kwargs):
         # NOTE: we can only pass one argument from vue (it seems), so we'll pass as
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/line_lists/tests/test_line_lists.py b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/line_lists/tests/test_line_lists.py
index e85959f49f..810d475264 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/line_lists/tests/test_line_lists.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/line_lists/tests/test_line_lists.py
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ def test_redshift(specviz_helper, spectrum1d):
 
     ll_plugin = specviz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('g-line-list')
     # fake the plugin to be opened so that all updates run
-    ll_plugin.plugin_opened = True
+    ll_plugin.plugin_active = True
     line = ll_plugin.list_contents['Test List']['lines'][0]
     assert_allclose(line['obs'], line['rest'])
     # test API access
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/markers/markers.py b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/markers/markers.py
index 33cfc047b5..c120c388e1 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/markers/markers.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/markers/markers.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import numpy as np
-from traitlets import observe
+from traitlets import Bool, observe
 
 from jdaviz.core.events import ViewerAddedMessage
 from jdaviz.core.marks import MarkersMark
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ class Markers(PluginTemplateMixin, ViewerSelectMixin, TableMixin):
     * :meth:`~jdaviz.core.template_mixin.TableMixin.export_table`
     """
     template_file = __file__, "markers.vue"
+    has_previews = Bool(True).tag(sync=True)
 
     _default_table_values = {'spectral_axis': np.nan,
                              'spectral_axis:unit': '',
@@ -78,8 +79,11 @@ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         # subscribe to mouse events on any new viewers
         self.hub.subscribe(self, ViewerAddedMessage, handler=self._on_viewer_added)
 
+        # need to keep preview marks when mouse is not over plugin (by default)
+        self.persistent_previews = True
+
     def _create_viewer_callbacks(self, viewer):
-        if not self.plugin_opened:
+        if not self.show_previews:
             return
 
         callback = self._viewer_callback(viewer, self._on_viewer_key_event)
@@ -106,14 +110,14 @@ def marks(self):
     def coords_info(self):
         return self.app.session.application._tools['g-coords-info']
 
-    @observe('plugin_opened')
-    def _on_plugin_opened_changed(self, *args):
+    @observe('show_previews')
+    def _on_show_previews_changed(self, *args):
         if self.disabled_msg:
             return
 
         # toggle visibility of markers
         for mark in self.marks.values():
-            mark.visible = self.plugin_opened
+            mark.visible = self.show_previews
 
         # subscribe/unsubscribe to keypress events across all viewers
         for viewer in self.app._viewer_store.values():
@@ -122,7 +126,7 @@ def _on_plugin_opened_changed(self, *args):
                 continue
             callback = self._viewer_callback(viewer, self._on_viewer_key_event)
 
-            if self.plugin_opened:
+            if self.show_previews:
                 viewer.add_event_callback(callback, events=['keydown'])
             else:
                 viewer.remove_event_callback(callback)
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/markers/markers.vue b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/markers/markers.vue
index 9012b58f6b..5bf8f06b05 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/markers/markers.vue
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/markers/markers.vue
@@ -2,8 +2,15 @@
   <j-tray-plugin
     description='Create and export markers.  Press "m" with the cursor over a viewer to log the mouseover information.  To change the selected layer, click the layer cycler in the mouseover information section of the app-level toolbar.'
     :link="'https://jdaviz.readthedocs.io/en/'+vdocs+'/'+config+'/plugins.html#markers'"
+    :has_previews="has_previews"
+    :plugin_active.sync="plugin_active"
+    :persistent_previews.sync="persistent_previews"
     :popout_button="popout_button">
 
+    <v-row v-if="!persistent_previews">
+      <v-alert color="warning">Persistent live-preview must be enabled for logging via keypress to be active</v-alert>
+    </v-row>
+
     <jupyter-widget :widget="table_widget"></jupyter-widget> 
 
   </j-tray-plugin>
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/markers/tests/test_markers_plugin.py b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/markers/tests/test_markers_plugin.py
index 93c7ff0616..495c54ace5 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/markers/tests/test_markers_plugin.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/markers/tests/test_markers_plugin.py
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ def test_markers_cubeviz(cubeviz_helper, spectrum1d_cube):
     label_mouseover = cubeviz_helper.app.session.application._tools['g-coords-info']
 
     mp = cubeviz_helper.plugins['Markers']
-    mp.open_in_tray()
 
     # test event in flux viewer
     label_mouseover._viewer_mouse_event(fv,
@@ -112,13 +111,13 @@ def test_markers_cubeviz(cubeviz_helper, spectrum1d_cube):
     assert len(_get_markers_from_viewer(fv).x) == 1
     assert len(_get_markers_from_viewer(sv).x) == 2
 
-    # markers hide when plugin closed
-    cubeviz_helper.app.state.drawer = False
+    # markers hide when persistent_previews disabled (and not active)
+    mp.persistent_previews = False
     assert _get_markers_from_viewer(fv).visible is False
     assert _get_markers_from_viewer(sv).visible is False
 
     # markers re-appear when plugin re-opened
-    mp.open_in_tray()
+    mp.persistent_previews = True
     assert _get_markers_from_viewer(fv).visible is True
     assert _get_markers_from_viewer(sv).visible is True
     assert len(_get_markers_from_viewer(fv).x) == 1
@@ -136,7 +135,6 @@ def test_markers_layer_cycle(self):
         label_mouseover = self.imviz.app.session.application._tools['g-coords-info']
 
         mp = self.imviz.plugins['Markers']
-        mp.open_in_tray()
 
         # cycle through dataset options (used for both coords info and markers)
         assert label_mouseover.dataset.choices == ['auto', 'none',
@@ -216,9 +214,6 @@ def test_markers_layer_cycle(self):
     def test_markers_custom_viewer(self):
         label_mouseover = self.imviz.app.session.application._tools['g-coords-info']
 
-        mp = self.imviz.plugins['Markers']
-        mp.open_in_tray()
-
         nv = self.imviz.create_image_viewer()
         self.imviz.app.add_data_to_viewer('imviz-1', 'has_wcs[SCI,1]')
 
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/plot_options/plot_options.py b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/plot_options/plot_options.py
index 819977d6d6..85e88a37ab 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/plot_options/plot_options.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/plot_options/plot_options.py
@@ -445,6 +445,10 @@ def user_api(self):
 
         return PluginUserApi(self, expose)
 
+    def show(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super().show(*args, **kwargs)
+        self._update_stretch_histogram()
+
     @observe('show_viewer_labels')
     def _on_show_viewer_labels_changed(self, event):
         self.app.state.settings['viewer_labels'] = event['new']
@@ -479,8 +483,7 @@ def vue_set_value(self, data):
         value = data.get('value')
         setattr(self, attr_name, value)
 
-    @observe('plugin_opened', 'layer_selected', 'viewer_selected',
-             'stretch_hist_zoom_limits')
+    @observe('plugin_opened_in_tray', 'layer_selected', 'viewer_selected', 'stretch_hist_zoom_limits')
     def _update_stretch_histogram(self, msg={}):
         if not self.stretch_function_sync.get('in_subscribed_states'):  # pragma: no cover
             # no (image) viewer with stretch function options
@@ -488,9 +491,7 @@ def _update_stretch_histogram(self, msg={}):
         if not hasattr(self, 'viewer'):  # pragma: no cover
             # plugin hasn't been fully initialized yet
             return
-        if (not self.plugin_opened
-                or not self.viewer.selected
-                or not self.layer.selected):  # pragma: no cover
+        if (not self.viewer.selected or not self.layer.selected):  # pragma: no cover
             # no need to make updates, updates will be redrawn when plugin is opened
             # NOTE: this won't update when the plugin is shown but not open in the tray
             return
@@ -504,7 +505,8 @@ def _update_stretch_histogram(self, msg={}):
                                  or len(self.layer.selected) > 1):  # pragma: no cover
             # currently only support single-layer/viewer.  For now we'll just clear and return.
             # TODO: add support for multi-layer/viewer
-            bqplot_clear_figure(self.stretch_histogram)
+            if self.stretch_histogram is not None:
+                bqplot_clear_figure(self.stretch_histogram)
             return
 
         viewer = self.viewer.selected_obj[0] if self.multiselect else self.viewer.selected_obj
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/plot_options/tests/test_plot_options.py b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/plot_options/tests/test_plot_options.py
index ed0328ac15..7a98ec7aab 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/plot_options/tests/test_plot_options.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/plot_options/tests/test_plot_options.py
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ def test_multiselect(cubeviz_helper, spectrum1d_cube):
 def test_stretch_histogram(cubeviz_helper, spectrum1d_cube_with_uncerts):
     cubeviz_helper.load_data(spectrum1d_cube_with_uncerts)
     po = cubeviz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('g-plot-options')
-    po.open_in_tray()  # forces histogram to draw
 
     assert po.stretch_histogram is not None
 
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/viewers.py b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/viewers.py
index 04148dcacd..a761c29d16 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/viewers.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/default/plugins/viewers.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class JdavizViewerMixin:
     toolbar = None
     tools_nested = []
     _prev_limits = None
-    _native_mark_classnames = ('Lines', 'LinesGL')
+    _native_mark_classnames = ('Lines', 'LinesGL', 'FRBImage', 'Contour')
 
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         # NOTE: anything here most likely won't be called by viewers because of inheritance order
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/imviz/plugins/compass/compass.py b/jdaviz/configs/imviz/plugins/compass/compass.py
index 7bc9dd74df..9400ff5f3f 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/imviz/plugins/compass/compass.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/imviz/plugins/compass/compass.py
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def _set_compass_rotation(self):
         self.canvas_angle = viewer_item.get('canvas_angle', 0)  # noqa
         self.canvas_flip_horizontal = viewer_item.get('canvas_flip_horizontal', False)
 
-    @observe("viewer_selected", "plugin_opened")
+    @observe("viewer_selected", "plugin_opened_in_tray")
     def _compass_with_new_viewer(self, *args, **kwargs):
         if not hasattr(self, 'viewer'):
             # mixin object not yet initialized
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ def _compass_with_new_viewer(self, *args, **kwargs):
 
         # There can be only one!
         for vid, viewer in self.app._viewer_store.items():
-            if vid == self.viewer.selected_id and (self.plugin_opened or kwargs.get('from_show')):
+            if vid == self.viewer.selected_id and (self.plugin_opened_in_tray or kwargs.get('from_show')):  # noqa
                 viewer.compass = self
                 viewer.on_limits_change()  # Force redraw
 
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/imviz/plugins/line_profile_xy/line_profile_xy.py b/jdaviz/configs/imviz/plugins/line_profile_xy/line_profile_xy.py
index 5e65c2f162..ef2fb2c933 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/imviz/plugins/line_profile_xy/line_profile_xy.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/imviz/plugins/line_profile_xy/line_profile_xy.py
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ def reset_results(self):
     @observe("selected_viewer")
     def vue_draw_plot(self, *args, **kwargs):
         """Draw line profile plots for given Data across given X and Y indices (0-indexed)."""
-        if not self.selected_x or not self.selected_y or not self.plugin_opened:
+        if not self.selected_x or not self.selected_y:
             return
 
         viewer = self.app.get_viewer_by_id(self.selected_viewer)
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/imviz/plugins/viewers.py b/jdaviz/configs/imviz/plugins/viewers.py
index 958d076fd1..887f5117cf 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/imviz/plugins/viewers.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/imviz/plugins/viewers.py
@@ -79,7 +79,8 @@ def on_mouse_or_key_event(self, data):
             if key_pressed in ('b', 'B'):
                 self.blink_once(reversed=key_pressed=='B')  # noqa: E225
 
-            elif key_pressed == 'l' and self.line_profile_xy.plugin_opened:
+            # TODO: move into plugin callback?
+            elif key_pressed == 'l':
                 # Same data as mousemove above.
                 image = self.active_image_layer.layer
                 x = data['domain']['x']
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/imviz/tests/test_catalogs.py b/jdaviz/configs/imviz/tests/test_catalogs.py
index 3927ac90ea..71b05f9463 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/imviz/tests/test_catalogs.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/imviz/tests/test_catalogs.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def test_plugin_no_image(self, imviz_helper):
         self.imviz = imviz_helper
 
         catalogs_plugin = self.imviz.app.get_tray_item_from_name('imviz-catalogs')
-        catalogs_plugin.plugin_opened = True
+        catalogs_plugin.plugin_active = True
         # running the search without any data loaded into Imviz
         catalogs_plugin.vue_do_search()
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def test_plugin_image_no_result(self, imviz_helper, image_2d_wcs):
         self.imviz = imviz_helper
 
         catalogs_plugin = self.imviz.app.get_tray_item_from_name('imviz-catalogs')
-        catalogs_plugin.plugin_opened = True
+        catalogs_plugin.plugin_active = True
         catalogs_plugin.vue_do_search()
 
         # number of results should be 0
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ def test_plugin_image_with_result(self, imviz_helper, tmp_path):
         self.imviz = imviz_helper
 
         catalogs_plugin = self.imviz.app.get_tray_item_from_name('imviz-catalogs')
-        catalogs_plugin.plugin_opened = True
+        catalogs_plugin.plugin_active = True
         # This basically calls the following under the hood:
         #   skycoord_center = SkyCoord(6.62754354, 1.54466139, unit="deg")
         #   zoom_radius = r_max = 3 * u.arcmin
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/imviz/tests/test_line_profile_xy.py b/jdaviz/configs/imviz/tests/test_line_profile_xy.py
index 616538fdd1..3720c71231 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/imviz/tests/test_line_profile_xy.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/imviz/tests/test_line_profile_xy.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class TestLineProfileXY(BaseImviz_WCS_NoWCS):
     def test_plugin_linked_by_pixel(self):
         """Go through plugin logic but does not check plot contents."""
         lp_plugin = self.imviz.app.get_tray_item_from_name('imviz-line-profile-xy')
-        lp_plugin.plugin_opened = True
+        lp_plugin.plugin_active = True
 
         lp_plugin._on_viewers_changed()  # Populate plugin menu items.
         assert lp_plugin.viewer_items == ['imviz-0']
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ def test_plugin_linked_by_pixel(self):
         assert lp_plugin.plot_available
 
         # Nothing should update on "l" when plugin closed.
-        lp_plugin.plugin_opened = False
+        lp_plugin.plugin_active = False
         self.viewer.on_mouse_or_key_event(
             {'event': 'keydown', 'key': 'l', 'domain': {'x': 5.1, 'y': 5}})
         lp_plugin.selected_x = '1.1'
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/line_analysis.py b/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/line_analysis.py
index 7aa9ecf360..daf9011d13 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/line_analysis.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/line_analysis.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
                                SubsetUpdateMessage)
 from glue_jupyter.common.toolbar_vuetify import read_icon
 from traitlets import Bool, List, Float, Unicode, observe
+from astropy.utils.decorators import deprecated
 from astropy import units as u
 from specutils import analysis, Spectrum1D
 from specutils.manipulation import extract_region
@@ -91,12 +92,12 @@ class LineAnalysis(PluginTemplateMixin, DatasetSelectMixin, SpectralSubsetSelect
       Width, relative to the overall line spectral region, to fit the linear continuum
       (excluding the region containing the line). If 1, will use endpoints within line region
       only.
-    * :meth:`show_continuum_marks`
     * :meth:`get_results`
 
     """
     dialog = Bool(False).tag(sync=True)
     template_file = __file__, "line_analysis.vue"
+    has_previews = Bool(True).tag(sync=True)
 
     spatial_subset_items = List().tag(sync=True)
     spatial_subset_selected = Unicode().tag(sync=True)
@@ -205,34 +206,26 @@ def _on_viewer_subsets_changed(self, msg):
         if (msg.subset.label in [self.spectral_subset_selected,
                                  self.spatial_subset_selected,
                                  self.continuum_subset_selected]
-                and self.plugin_opened):
+                and (self.show_previews or self.plugin_opened_in_tray)):
             self._calculate_statistics()
 
     def _on_global_display_unit_changed(self, msg):
-        if self.plugin_opened:
+        if self.show_previews:
             self._calculate_statistics()
 
-    @observe('plugin_opened')
-    def _on_plugin_opened_changed(self, *args):
+    @observe('show_previews')
+    def _show_previews_changed(self, *args):
         if self.disabled_msg:
             return
-        # toggle continuum lines in spectrum viewer based on whether this plugin
-        # is currently open in the tray
-        self.show_continuum_marks(self.plugin_opened)
 
-    def show_continuum_marks(self, show=True):
-        """
-        Show (or hide) the marks indicating the continuum on the spectrum viewer.
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        show : bool
-            Whether to show (or hide) the marks
-        """
         for pos, mark in self.marks.items():
-            mark.visible = show
-        if show:
-            self._calculate_statistics(ignore_plugin_closed=True)
+            mark.visible = self.show_previews
+        if self.show_previews:
+            self._calculate_statistics()
+
+    @deprecated(since="3.6", alternative="persistent_previews")
+    def show_continuum_marks(self):
+        self.persistent_previews = True
 
     @property
     def marks(self):
@@ -254,9 +247,9 @@ def marks(self):
                 return {}
             # then haven't been initialized yet, so initialize with empty
             # marks that will be populated once the first analysis is done.
-            marks = {'left': LineAnalysisContinuumLeft(viewer, visible=self.plugin_opened),
-                     'center': LineAnalysisContinuumCenter(viewer, visible=self.plugin_opened),
-                     'right': LineAnalysisContinuumRight(viewer, visible=self.plugin_opened)}
+            marks = {'left': LineAnalysisContinuumLeft(viewer, visible=self.show_previews),
+                     'center': LineAnalysisContinuumCenter(viewer, visible=self.show_previews),
+                     'right': LineAnalysisContinuumRight(viewer, visible=self.show_previews)}
             shadows = [ShadowLine(mark, shadow_width=2) for mark in marks.values()]
             # NOTE: += won't trigger the figure to notice new marks
             viewer.figure.marks = viewer.figure.marks + shadows + list(marks.values())
@@ -324,8 +317,7 @@ def _calculate_statistics(self, *args, **kwargs):
         full_spectrum = self.dataset.selected_spectrum_for_spatial_subset(self.spatial_subset_selected,  # noqa
                                                                           use_display_units=True)
 
-        if (full_spectrum is None or self.width == "" or
-                (not self.plugin_opened and not kwargs.get('ignore_plugin_closed'))):
+        if full_spectrum is None or self.width == "":
             # this can happen DURING a unit conversion change
             self.update_results(None)
             return
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/line_analysis.vue b/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/line_analysis.vue
index 3192687f3f..3929b94421 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/line_analysis.vue
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/line_analysis.vue
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
   <j-tray-plugin
     description="Return statistics for a single spectral line."
     :link="'https://jdaviz.readthedocs.io/en/'+vdocs+'/'+config+'/plugins.html#line-analysis'"
+    :has_previews="has_previews"
+    :plugin_active.sync="plugin_active"
+    :persistent_previews.sync="persistent_previews"
     :disabled_msg="disabled_msg"
     :popout_button="popout_button">
 
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/tests/test_line_analysis.py b/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/tests/test_line_analysis.py
index 682d6040fc..c8ce22db09 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/tests/test_line_analysis.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/tests/test_line_analysis.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ def test_plugin(specviz_helper, spectrum1d):
     specviz_helper.load_data(spectrum1d, data_label=label)
 
     plugin = specviz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('specviz-line-analysis')
-    plugin.open_in_tray()
+    plugin.persistent_previews = True
 
     # continuum should be created, plotted, and visible
     sv = specviz_helper.app.get_viewer('spectrum-viewer')
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ def test_plugin(specviz_helper, spectrum1d):
     assert len(continuum_marks) == 3
     assert np.all([cm.visible for cm in continuum_marks])
 
-    # closing tray/plugin should hide the continuum
-    specviz_helper.app.state.drawer = False
+    # disabling persistent_previews should hide the continuum
+    plugin.persistent_previews = False
     assert np.all([cm.visible is False for cm in continuum_marks])
 
     # add a region and rerun stats for that region
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ def test_spatial_subset(cubeviz_helper, image_cube_hdu_obj):
     cubeviz_helper.app.state.drawer = True
 
     plugin = cubeviz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('specviz-line-analysis')
-    plugin.open_in_tray()
+    plugin.persistent_previews = True
 
     plugin.spatial_subset_selected = 'Subset 1'
     plugin.spectral_subset_selected = 'Subset 2'
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def test_user_api(specviz_helper, spectrum1d):
     sv.apply_roi(XRangeROI(6500, 7400))
 
     la = specviz_helper.plugins['Line Analysis']
-    la.open_in_tray()
+    la.persistent_previews = True
 
     # spectral subset does not support multiselect
     assert "multiselect" not in la.spectral_subset.__repr__()
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ def test_continuum_surrounding_spectral_subset(specviz_helper, spectrum1d):
     specviz_helper.load_data(spectrum1d, data_label=label)
 
     plugin = specviz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('specviz-line-analysis')
-    plugin.open_in_tray()
+    plugin.persistent_previews = True
 
     # continuum should be created, plotted, and visible
     sv = specviz_helper.app.get_viewer('spectrum-viewer')
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ def test_continuum_spectral_same_value(specviz_helper, spectrum1d):
     specviz_helper.load_data(spectrum1d, data_label=label)
 
     plugin = specviz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('specviz-line-analysis')
-    plugin.open_in_tray()
+    plugin.persistent_previews = True
 
     # continuum should be created, plotted, and visible
     sv = specviz_helper.app.get_viewer('spectrum-viewer')
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ def test_continuum_surrounding_invalid_width(specviz_helper, spectrum1d):
     specviz_helper.load_data(spectrum1d, data_label=label)
 
     plugin = specviz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('specviz-line-analysis')
-    plugin.open_in_tray()
+    plugin.persistent_previews = True
 
     # continuum should be created, plotted, and visible
     sv = specviz_helper.app.get_viewer('spectrum-viewer')
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ def test_continuum_subset_spectral_entire(specviz_helper, spectrum1d):
     specviz_helper.load_data(spectrum1d, data_label=label)
 
     plugin = specviz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('specviz-line-analysis')
-    plugin.open_in_tray()
+    plugin.persistent_previews = True
 
     # continuum should be created, plotted, and visible
     sv = specviz_helper.app.get_viewer('spectrum-viewer')
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ def test_continuum_subset_spectral_subset2(specviz_helper, spectrum1d):
     specviz_helper.load_data(spectrum1d, data_label=label)
 
     plugin = specviz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('specviz-line-analysis')
-    plugin.open_in_tray()
+    plugin.persistent_previews = True
 
     # continuum should be created, plotted, and visible
     sv = specviz_helper.app.get_viewer('spectrum-viewer')
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ def test_continuum_surrounding_no_right(specviz_helper, spectrum1d):
     specviz_helper.load_data(spectrum1d, data_label=label)
 
     plugin = specviz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('specviz-line-analysis')
-    plugin.open_in_tray()
+    plugin.persistent_previews = True
 
     # continuum should be created, plotted, and visible
     sv = specviz_helper.app.get_viewer('spectrum-viewer')
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ def test_continuum_surrounding_no_left(specviz_helper, spectrum1d):
     specviz_helper.load_data(spectrum1d, data_label=label)
 
     plugin = specviz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('specviz-line-analysis')
-    plugin.open_in_tray()
+    plugin.persistent_previews = True
 
     # continuum should be created, plotted, and visible
     sv = specviz_helper.app.get_viewer('spectrum-viewer')
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ def test_subset_changed(specviz_helper, spectrum1d):
     specviz_helper.load_data(spectrum1d, data_label=label)
 
     plugin = specviz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('specviz-line-analysis')
-    plugin.open_in_tray()
+    plugin.persistent_previews = True
 
     # continuum should be created, plotted, and visible
     sv = specviz_helper.app.get_viewer('spectrum-viewer')
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/tests/test_lineflux.py b/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/tests/test_lineflux.py
index 3e1b07b9ce..f46627ea61 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/tests/test_lineflux.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/specviz/plugins/line_analysis/tests/test_lineflux.py
@@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ def _calculate_line_flux(viz_helper):
     # Open the plugin and force the calculation
     viz_helper.app.state.drawer = True
     line_analysis_plugin = viz_helper.app.get_tray_item_from_name('specviz-line-analysis')
-    line_analysis_plugin.open_in_tray()
+    line_analysis_plugin.persistent_previews = True
+
     # Retrieve Results
     for result in line_analysis_plugin.results:
         if result['function'] == 'Line Flux':
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/specviz2d/plugins/spectral_extraction/spectral_extraction.py b/jdaviz/configs/specviz2d/plugins/spectral_extraction/spectral_extraction.py
index 4f2068604a..06c252c92b 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/specviz2d/plugins/spectral_extraction/spectral_extraction.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/specviz2d/plugins/spectral_extraction/spectral_extraction.py
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ class SpectralExtraction(PluginTemplateMixin):
     """
     dialog = Bool(False).tag(sync=True)
     template_file = __file__, "spectral_extraction.vue"
+    has_previews = Bool(True).tag(sync=True)
 
     active_step = Unicode().tag(sync=True)
     interactive_extract = Bool(True).tag(sync=True)
@@ -396,7 +397,6 @@ def update_marks(self, step=None):
             Step in the extraction process to visualize.  Must be one of: 'trace', 'bg', 'ext'.
         """
         if step is not None:
-            self.plugin_opened = True
             if step == 'trace':
                 self._interaction_in_trace_step()
             elif step == 'bg':
@@ -406,18 +406,12 @@ def update_marks(self, step=None):
             else:
                 raise ValueError("step must be one of: trace, bg, ext")
 
-    def clear_marks(self):
-        """
-        Manually clear the live-preview marks.
-        """
-        self.plugin_opened = False
-
-    @observe('plugin_opened', 'interactive_extract')
+    @observe('show_previews', 'interactive_extract')
     def _update_plugin_marks(self, *args):
         if not self._do_marks:
             return
 
-        if not self.plugin_opened:
+        if not (self.show_previews):
             for step, mark in self.marks.items():
                 mark.visible = False
             return
@@ -475,22 +469,22 @@ def marks(self):
 
         # the marks haven't been initialized yet, so initialize with empty
         # marks that will be populated once the first analysis is done.
-        self._marks = {'trace': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.plugin_opened),
-                       'ext_lower': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.plugin_opened),
-                       'ext_upper': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.plugin_opened),
-                       'bg1_center': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.plugin_opened,
+        self._marks = {'trace': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.show_previews),
+                       'ext_lower': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.show_previews),
+                       'ext_upper': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.show_previews),
+                       'bg1_center': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.show_previews,
                                                 line_style='dotted'),
-                       'bg1_lower': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.plugin_opened),
-                       'bg1_upper': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.plugin_opened),
-                       'bg2_center': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.plugin_opened,
+                       'bg1_lower': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.show_previews),
+                       'bg1_upper': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.show_previews),
+                       'bg2_center': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.show_previews,
                                                 line_style='dotted'),
-                       'bg2_lower': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.plugin_opened),
-                       'bg2_upper': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.plugin_opened)}
+                       'bg2_lower': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.show_previews),
+                       'bg2_upper': PluginLine(viewer2d, visible=self.show_previews)}
         # NOTE: += won't trigger the figure to notice new marks
         viewer2d.figure.marks = viewer2d.figure.marks + list(self._marks.values())
 
-        self._marks['extract'] = PluginLine(viewer1d, visible=self.plugin_opened)
-        self._marks['bg_spec'] = PluginLine(viewer1d, visible=self.plugin_opened, stroke_width=1)  # noqa
+        self._marks['extract'] = PluginLine(viewer1d, visible=self.show_previews)
+        self._marks['bg_spec'] = PluginLine(viewer1d, visible=self.show_previews, stroke_width=1)  # noqa
 
         # NOTE: += won't trigger the figure to notice new marks
         viewer1d.figure.marks = viewer1d.figure.marks + [self._marks['extract'],
@@ -503,7 +497,7 @@ def marks(self):
              'trace_pixel', 'trace_peak_method_selected',
              'trace_do_binning', 'trace_bins', 'trace_window', 'active_step')
     def _interaction_in_trace_step(self, event={}):
-        if not self.plugin_opened or not self._do_marks:
+        if not self.show_previews or not self._do_marks:
             return
         if event.get('name', '') == 'active_step' and event.get('new') != 'trace':
             return
@@ -524,7 +518,7 @@ def _interaction_in_trace_step(self, event={}):
              'bg_trace_selected', 'bg_trace_pixel',
              'bg_separation', 'bg_width', 'bg_statistic_selected', 'active_step')
     def _interaction_in_bg_step(self, event={}):
-        if not self.plugin_opened or not self._do_marks:
+        if not self.show_previews or not self._do_marks:
             return
         if event.get('name', '') == 'active_step' and event.get('new') != 'bg':
             return
@@ -580,7 +574,7 @@ def _interaction_in_bg_step(self, event={}):
     @observe('ext_dataset_selected', 'ext_trace_selected',
              'ext_type_selected', 'ext_width', 'active_step')
     def _interaction_in_ext_step(self, event={}):
-        if not self.plugin_opened or not self._do_marks:
+        if not self.show_previews or not self._do_marks:
             return
         if event.get('name', '') == 'active_step' and event.get('new') != 'ext':
             return
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/specviz2d/plugins/spectral_extraction/spectral_extraction.vue b/jdaviz/configs/specviz2d/plugins/spectral_extraction/spectral_extraction.vue
index 70f1b1c05c..7eeb937d82 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/specviz2d/plugins/spectral_extraction/spectral_extraction.vue
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/specviz2d/plugins/spectral_extraction/spectral_extraction.vue
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
   <j-tray-plugin
     description="2D to 1D spectral extraction."
     :link="'https://jdaviz.readthedocs.io/en/'+vdocs+'/'+config+'/plugins.html#spectral-extraction'"
+    :has_previews="has_previews"
+    :plugin_active.sync="plugin_active"
+    :persistent_previews.sync="persistent_previews"
     :popout_button="popout_button">
 
     <v-row>
@@ -25,7 +28,8 @@
     </v-row>
 
 
-    <div @mouseover="() => active_step='trace'">
+    <div @mouseover="() => active_step='trace'"
+      :style="plugin_active && active_step==='trace' ? 'box-shadow: rgb(2 123 161 / 20%) -20px 0px 0px 0px' : ''">
       <j-plugin-section-header>Trace</j-plugin-section-header>
       <v-row>
         <j-docs-link>
@@ -184,7 +188,8 @@
       </v-row>
     </div>
 
-    <div @mouseover="() => active_step='bg'">
+    <div @mouseover="() => active_step='bg'"
+      :style="plugin_active && active_step==='bg' ? 'box-shadow: rgb(2 123 161 / 20%) -20px 0px 0px 0px' : ''">
       <j-plugin-section-header>Background</j-plugin-section-header>
       <v-row>
         <j-docs-link>Create a background and/or background-subtracted image.</j-docs-link>
@@ -346,7 +351,8 @@
       </v-row>
     </div>
 
-    <div @mouseover="() => active_step='ext'">
+    <div @mouseover="() => active_step='ext'"
+      :style="plugin_active && active_step==='ext' ? 'box-shadow: rgb(2 123 161 / 20%) -20px 0px 0px 0px' : ''">
       <j-plugin-section-header>Extraction</j-plugin-section-header>
       <v-row>
         <j-docs-link>
diff --git a/jdaviz/configs/specviz2d/plugins/spectral_extraction/tests/test_spectral_extraction.py b/jdaviz/configs/specviz2d/plugins/spectral_extraction/tests/test_spectral_extraction.py
index 5aa1e96064..6bc8aaf226 100644
--- a/jdaviz/configs/specviz2d/plugins/spectral_extraction/tests/test_spectral_extraction.py
+++ b/jdaviz/configs/specviz2d/plugins/spectral_extraction/tests/test_spectral_extraction.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def test_plugin(specviz2d_helper):
     sp2dv = specviz2d_helper.app.get_viewer('spectrum-2d-viewer')
     assert len(sp2dv.figure.marks) == 2
 
-    pext.open_in_tray()
+    pext.persistent_previews = True
     assert len(sp2dv.figure.marks) == 11
     assert pext.marks['trace'].visible is True
     assert len(pext.marks['trace'].x) > 0
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ def test_user_api(specviz2d_helper):
     specviz2d_helper.load_data(spectrum_2d=fn)
 
     pext = specviz2d_helper.plugins['Spectral Extraction']
-    pext.open_in_tray()
+    pext.persistent_previews = True
 
     # test that setting a string to an AddResults object redirects to the label
     pext.bg_sub_add_results = 'override label'
diff --git a/jdaviz/core/template_mixin.py b/jdaviz/core/template_mixin.py
index ca06dbadad..a9acde0248 100644
--- a/jdaviz/core/template_mixin.py
+++ b/jdaviz/core/template_mixin.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 from astropy.table.row import Row as QTableRow
 import astropy.units as u
 import bqplot
+from contextlib import contextmanager
 import numpy as np
 
 from functools import cached_property
@@ -224,7 +225,11 @@ class PluginTemplateMixin(TemplateMixin):
     This base class can be inherited by all sidebar/tray plugins to expose common functionality.
     """
     disabled_msg = Unicode("").tag(sync=True)
-    plugin_opened = Bool(False).tag(sync=True)
+    plugin_opened_in_tray = Bool(False).tag(sync=True)  # plugin is opened in the tray
+    plugin_active = Bool(False).tag(sync=True)  # mouse currently over any instance of plugin
+    has_previews = Bool(False).tag(sync=True)  # whether the plugin has live-preview marks, set in plugins
+    persistent_previews = Bool(False).tag(sync=True)  # noqa whether the live-preview marks show regardless of mouseover
+    show_previews = Bool(False).tag(sync=True)  # noqa read-only: whether the previews should be shown according to settings above
 
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self._viewer_callbacks = {}
@@ -263,7 +268,7 @@ def plugin_viewer_callback(viewer, plugin_method):
     def _mxn_update_plugin_opened(self, new_value):
         app_state = self.app.state
         tray_names_open = [app_state.tray_items[i]['name'] for i in app_state.tray_items_open]
-        self.plugin_opened = app_state.drawer and self._registry_name in tray_names_open
+        self.plugin_opened_in_tray = app_state.drawer and self._registry_name in tray_names_open
 
     def open_in_tray(self):
         """
@@ -275,6 +280,20 @@ def open_in_tray(self):
         if index not in app_state.tray_items_open:
             app_state.tray_items_open = app_state.tray_items_open + [index]
 
+    @observe('plugin_active', 'persistent_previews')
+    def _update_show_previews(self, *args):
+        self.show_previews = self.persistent_previews or self.plugin_active
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def temporarily_show_previews(self):
+        """
+        Context manager to temporarily enable persistent live-previews
+        """
+        _persistent_previews = self.persistent_previews
+        self.persistent_previews = True
+        yield
+        self.persistent_previews = _persistent_previews
+
     def show(self, loc="inline", title=None):  # pragma: no cover
         """Display the plugin UI.
 
diff --git a/jdaviz/core/user_api.py b/jdaviz/core/user_api.py
index 4a31da9197..f4ef1d7e7b 100644
--- a/jdaviz/core/user_api.py
+++ b/jdaviz/core/user_api.py
@@ -86,6 +86,8 @@ class PluginUserApi(UserApiWrapper):
     """
     def __init__(self, plugin, expose=[], readonly=[]):
         expose = list(set(list(expose) + ['open_in_tray', 'show']))
+        if plugin.has_previews:
+            expose += ['persistent_previews', 'temporarily_show_previews']
         super().__init__(plugin, expose, readonly)
 
     def __repr__(self):