README.md

Temporal Go SDK samples

This repository contains several sample Workflow applications that demonstrate the various capabilities of the Temporal Server via the Temporal Go SDK.

• Temporal Server repo: temporalio/temporal
• Temporal Go SDK repo: temporalio/sdk-go
• Go SDK docs: docs.temporal.io/dev-guide/go

How to use

• Run this in the browser with Gitpod:
• Or run Temporal Server locally with VSCode Remote Containers .
• Lastly, you can run Temporal Server locally on your own (follow these instructions), then clone this repository

The helloworld sample is a good place to start.

Samples directory

Each sample demonstrates one feature of the SDK, together with tests.

• Basic hello world: Simple example of a Workflow Definition and an Activity Definition.

• Basic mTLS hello world: Simple example of a Workflow Definition and an Activity Definition using mTLS like Temporal Cloud.

• Dynamic mTLS hello world: Simple example showing how to refresh mTLS credentials. This allows for credentials to be refreshed without restarting the worker.

API demonstrations

• Async activity completion: Example of an Expense reporting Workflow that communicates with a server API. Additional documentation: How to complete an Activity Execution asynchronously in Go

• Retry Activity Execution: This samples executes an unreliable Activity. The Activity is executed with a custom Retry Policy. If the Activity Execution fails, the Server will schedule a retry based on the Retry Policy. This Activity also includes a Heartbeat, which enables it to resume from the Activity Execution's last reported progress when it retries.

• Child Workflow: Demonstrates how to use execute a Child Workflow from a Parent Workflow Execution. A Child Workflow Execution only returns to the Parent Workflow Execution after completing its last Run.

• Child Workflow with ContinueAsNew: Demonstrates that the call to Continue-As-New, by a Child Workflow Execution, is not visible to the a parent. The Parent Workflow Execution receives a notification only when a Child Workflow Execution completes, fails or times out. This is a useful feature when there is a need to process a large set of data. The child can iterate over the data set calling Continue-As-New periodically without polluting the parents' history.

• Cancellation: Demonstrates how to cancel a Workflow Execution by calling CancelWorkflow, an how to defer an Activity Execution that "cleans up" after the Workflow Execution has been cancelled.

• Coroutines: Do not use native go routines in Workflows. Instead use Temporal coroutines (workflow.Go()) to maintain a deterministic Workflow. Can be seen in the Goroutine , DSL , Recovery , PSO Workflow examples.

• Cron Workflow: Demonstrates a recurring Workflow Execution that occurs according to a cron schedule. This samples showcases the HasLastCompletionResult and GetLastCompletionResult APIs which are used to pass information between executions. Additional documentation: What is a Temporal Cron Job?.

• Schedule Workflow: Demonstrates a recurring Workflow Execution that occurs according to a schedule. documentation: Schedule.

• Encryption: How to use encryption for Workflow/Activity data with the DataConverter API. Also includes an example of stacking encoders (in this case encryption and compression)

• Codec Server: Demonstrates using a codec server to decode payloads for display in tctl and Temporal Web. This setup can be used for any kind of codec, common examples are compression or encryption.

• Query Example: Demonstrates how to Query the state of a single Workflow Execution using the QueryWorkflow and SetQueryHandler APIs. Additional documentation: How to Query a Workflow Execution in Go.

• Selectors: Do not use the native Go select statement. Instead use Go SDK Selectors (selector.Select(ctx)) to maintain a deterministic Workflow. Can be seen in the Pick First , Mutex , DSL, and Timer examples.

• Sessions: Demonstrates how to bind a set of Activity Executions to a specific Worker after the first Activity executes. This feature is showcased in the File Processing example. Addition documentation: How to use Sessions in Go.

• Signals: Can be seen in the Recovery and Mutex examples. Additional documentation: eCommerce application tutorial , How to send and handle Signals in Go .

• Memo: Demonstrates how to use Memo that can be used to store any kind of data.

• Typed Search Attributes: Demonstrates how to use custom Search Attributes that can be used to find Workflow Executions using predicates/

• Timer Futures: The sample starts a long running order processing operation and starts a Timer (workflow.NewTimer()). If the processing time is too long, a notification email is "sent" to the user regarding the delay (the execution does not cancel). If the operation finishes before the Timer fires, then the Timer is cancelled.

• Tracing and Context Propagation: Demonstrates the client initialization with a context propagator, which propagates specific information in the context.Context object across the Workflow Execution. The context.Context object is populated with information prior to calling StartWorkflow. This example demonstrates that the information is available in the Workflow Execution and Activity Executions. Additional documentation: How to use tracing in Go.

• OpenTelemetry: Demonstrates how to instrument the Workflows and Activities with OpenTelemetry.

• Updatable Timer: Demonstrates timer cancellation and use of a Selector to wait on a Future and a Channel simultaneously.

• Greetings: Demonstrates how to pass dependencies to activities defined as struct methods.

• Greetings Local: Demonstrates how to pass dependencies to local activities defined as struct methods.

• Interceptors: Demonstrates how to use interceptors to intercept calls, in this case for adding context to the logger.

• Update: Demonstrates how to create a workflow that reacts to workflow update requests.

• Eager Workflow Start: Demonstrates how to start a workflow in eager mode, an experimental latency optimization.

Dynamic Workflow logic examples

These samples demonstrate some common control flow patterns using Temporal's Go SDK API.

• Dynamic Execution: Demonstrates how to execute Workflows and Activities using a name rather than a strongly typed function.

• Branching Activities: Executes multiple Activities in parallel. The number of branches is controlled by a parameter that is passed in at the start of the Workflow Execution.

• Exclusive Choice: Demonstrates how to execute Activities based on a dynamic input.

• Multi-Choice: Demonstrates how to execute multiple Activities in parallel based on a dynamic input.

• Mutex Workflow: Demonstrates the ability to lock/unlock a particular resource within a particular Temporal Namespace. In this examples the other Workflow Executions within the same Namespace wait until a locked resource is unlocked. This shows how to avoid race conditions or parallel mutually exclusive operations on the same resource.

• Goroutine Workflow: This sample executes multiple sequences of activities in parallel using the workflow.Go() API.

• Pick First: This sample executes Activities in parallel branches, picks the result of the branch that completes first, and then cancels other Activities that have not finished.

• Split/Merge Future: Demonstrates how to use futures to await for completion of multiple activities invoked in parallel. This samples to processes chunks of a large work item in parallel, and then merges the intermediate results to generate the final result.

• Split/Merge Selector: Demonstrates how to use Selector to process activity results as soon as they become available. This samples to processes chunks of a large work item in parallel, and then merges the intermediate results to generate the final result.

• Synchronous Proxy Workflow pattern: This sample demonstrates a synchronous interaction with a "main" Workflow Execution from a "proxy" Workflow Execution. The proxy Workflow Execution sends a Signal to the "main" Workflow Execution, then blocks, waiting for a Signal in response.

• Saga pattern: This sample demonstrates how to implement a saga pattern using golang defer feature.

• Await for signal processing: Demonstrates how to process out of order signals processing using Await and AwaitWithTimeout.

• Worker-specific Task Queues: Use a unique task queue per Worker to have certain Activities only run on that specific Worker. For instance for a file processing Workflow, where one Activity downloads a file and subsequent Activities need to operate on that file. (If multiple Workers were on the same queue, subsequent Activities may get run on different machines that don't have the downloaded file.)

• Nexus: Demonstrates how to use the Nexus APIs to facilitate cross namespace calls.

Scenario based examples

• Safe Message Handler: This demonstrates how to safely handle concurrent update and signal requests.

• DSL Workflow: Demonstrates how to implement a DSL-based Workflow. This sample contains 2 yaml files that each define a custom "workflow" which instructs the Temporal Workflow. This is useful if you want to build in a "low code" layer.

• Expense Request: This demonstrates how to process an expense request. This sample showcases how to complete an Activity Execution asynchronously.

• File Processing: Demonstrates how to download and process a file using set of Activities that run on the same host. Activities are executed to download a file from the web, store it locally on the host, and then "process it". This samples showcases how to handle a scenario where all subsequent Activities need to execute on the same host as the first Activity in the sequence. In Go, this is achieved by using the Session APIs.

• Particle Swarm Optimization: Demonstrates how to perform a long iterative math optimization process using particle swarm optimization (PSO). This sample showcases the use of parallel executions, ContinueAsNew for long histories, a Query API, and the use of a custom DataConverter for serialization.

• Polling Services: Recommended implementation of an activity that needs to periodically poll an external resource waiting its successful completion

• Prometheus Metrics: Demonstrates how to instrument Temporal with Prometheus and Uber's Tally library.

• Request/Response with Response Activities: Demonstrates how to accept requests via signals and use callback activities to push responses.

• Request/Response with Response Queries: Demonstrates how to accept requests via signals and use queries to poll for responses.

• Request/Response with Response Updates: Demonstrates how to accept requests and responsond via updates.

• Early-Return: Demonstrates how to receive a response mid-workflow, while the workflow continues to run to completion.

Pending examples

Mostly examples we haven't yet ported from https://github.com/temporalio/samples-java/

• Async activity calling: Example to be completed
• Async lambda: Example to be completed
• Periodic Workflow: Workflow that executes some logic periodically. Example to be completed
• Exception propagation and wrapping: Example to be completed
• Polymorphic activity: Example to be completed
• Side Effect: Example to be completed - Docs

Fixtures

These are edge case examples useful for Temporal internal development and bug reporting. See their readme for more details.