Identifying Neighbourhoods that Enable Healthy Child Development through Geospatial Analysis of Built Spaces
Children are the future of a nation's well-being. There is therefore an incentive for the nation to ensure the healthy development of a child into adulthood. There have been studies on the how built spaces affect the development of children. Based on recurring key factors identified across these studies, geospatial analysis of Singapore's neighbourhoods can be conducted to map and understand gaps in spatial planning, pinpointing areas that might require intervention. In Singapore, this is especially relevant for public housing. Public estates are sometimes at a disadvantage, as compared to private housing where developers are already incentivised or expected to provide some of the built environment factors (e.g. green spaces, recreation spaces). As such, understanding how enabling different public housing are for childhood development will be the focus area for this project.
Through this project, we aim to:
- Utilise open source data to build a proof-of-concept web-based geospatial application that is dynamic and reactive to user inputs
- Identify how well HDB flats in different areas enable healthy child development, based on built environment factors
- Enable more evidence-based policy decisions through a better understanding of the current spatial situation
The project took the following steps in its development:
- Identification of key domains for child development (physical health and well-being, social competence, emotional maturity) and their corresponding built environment factors, based on existing research
- Data collection from various governmental data and open data
- Data cleaning and wrangling
- Formulation of enabling index to measure how well children in HDBs are developmentally enabled, based on key domains and built environment factors
- Computation of enabling index utilising Hansen accessibility measures between HDBs and built factors
- Thematic mapping of HDBs based on enabling index, to identify how well public housing in towns enable healthy child development
This project is developed with R, leveraging on its powerful data manipulation and geospatial analysis libraries. R Shiny was utilised to create an interactive web-based GIS application. The R Shiny application runs on a Shiny server, hosted on shinyapps.io along with the data for the application. The data and maps will be loaded by the application and displayed to the user whenever they access the application, dynamically updating based on user inputs.
- shinyapp - Source code for the interactive geospatial application and related data files (Change branch to shinyapp-1 for the version on shinyapps.io)
- project_website - Source code for the project website
- Report - Project report written in R code utilising rticles package
You can follow our project progress via our project website as well.